N = 159,173 | model 1 (age, sex) | model 2 (Dementia level only) | model 3 (with clinical factors) | model 4 (with hospital factors) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
coef. | 95% C.I. | P value | coef. | 95% C.I. | P value | coef. | 95% C.I. | P value | coef. | 95% C.I. | P value | |||||
Compositional factor | ||||||||||||||||
Sex | ||||||||||||||||
Male (reference) | ||||||||||||||||
Female | −0.34 | −0.38 | −0.30 | < 0.001 | − 0.26 | − 0.30 | − 0.22 | < 0.001 | − 0.26 | − 0.30 | − 0.22 | < 0.001 | ||||
Age Group | ||||||||||||||||
65–79 (ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
80–89 | −0.05 | −0.09 | −0.01 | 0.01 | 0.03 | −0.01 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.03 | −0.01 | 0.07 | 0.10 | ||||
Over 90 | −0.23 | −0.28 | − 0.19 | < 0.001 | −0.06 | −0.11 | − 0.01 | 0.02 | − 0.06 | −0.11 | − 0.01 | 0.02 | ||||
Dementia Levela | ||||||||||||||||
No dementia (ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
Dementia level 1 | 0.02 | −0.02 | 0.06 | 0.28 | 0.02 | −0.02 | 0.06 | 0.34 | 0.02 | −0.02 | 0.06 | 0.34 | ||||
Dementia level 2 | −0.06 | − 0.10 | −0.01 | 0.01 | −0.08 | − 0.12 | − 0.03 | 0.002 | −0.08 | − 0.12 | −0.03 | 0.002 | ||||
Fx. Type | ||||||||||||||||
Femoral neck (ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
Trochanteric | −0.72 | −0.75 | −0.68 | < 0.001 | −0.72 | − 0.75 | − 0.68 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Subtrochanteric | −0.56 | − 0.72 | − 0.40 | < 0.001 | − 0.56 | − 0.72 | − 0.40 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Charlson Index | ||||||||||||||||
0 (ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
1 | 0.39 | 0.35 | 0.43 | < 0.001 | 0.39 | 0.35 | 0.43 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
≥ 2 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.77 | < 0.001 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.77 | 0.93 | ||||||||
Coma Levelb | ||||||||||||||||
Alert (ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
Level 1 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.04 | ||||||||
Level 2 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.51 | 0.05 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.51 | 0.05 | ||||||||
Level 3 | 1.18 | 0.19 | 2.17 | 0.02 | 1.18 | 0.19 | 2.17 | 0.02 | ||||||||
Ambulance Use | ||||||||||||||||
No ambulance use (ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
Ambulance use | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.19 | < 0.001 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.19 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Contextual factor | ||||||||||||||||
City levelc | ||||||||||||||||
Designated city (ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
Pop. ≥150,000 | 0.07 | −0.21 | 0.34 | 0.62 | ||||||||||||
Pop. 80,000≤, ≤150,000 | −0.24 | −0.58 | 0.10 | 0.16 | ||||||||||||
Pop. ≤80,000 | −0.27 | −0.57 | 0.04 | 0.09 | ||||||||||||
Hosp. functiond | ||||||||||||||||
Under 200 beds hosp.(ref.) | ||||||||||||||||
Over 200 beds hosp. | −0.40 | −0.66 | −0.14 | 0.003 | ||||||||||||
Regional support hosp. | −0.66 | −1.00 | −0.31 | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
University & advanced hosp. | −0.01 | −0.50 | 0.47 | 0.96 | ||||||||||||
Macro-level variance (S.E.) | ||||||||||||||||
between hospitals (n = 1170) | 3.24 | (0.15) | 3.24 | (0.15) | 3.22 | (0.15) | 3.16 | (0.15) |