Table 4 Bivariable and multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression analysis reproductive age group women in Ethiopia, 2016 (n = 15,683)
Characteristics | Health care access problem | Crude odds ratio (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Residence | ||||
Urban | 1584 | 1892 | 1 | 1 |
Rural | 9392 | 2814 | 4.00 (3.40, 4.70) | 2.13 (1.79,2.53)* |
Household head | ||||
Male | 8466 | 3495 | 1 | 1 |
Female | 2511 | 1211 | 1.11 (1.04,1.19) | 1.05 (0.97,1.11) |
Marital status | ||||
Married/living together | 7345 | 2877 | 1 | 1 |
Never married | 2592 | 1443 | 0.98 (0.91,1.06) | 1.13 (0.95,1.25) |
Divorced/widowed/ separated | 1038 | 384 | 1.37 (1.22,1.54) | 1.34 (1.17,1.54)* |
Age group | ||||
15–19 | 2291 | 1089 | 1 | |
20–34 | 5582 | 2481 | 1.014 (0.94,1.09) | 1.06 (0.99,1.23) |
35–49 | 3103 | 1135 | 1.21 (1.11,1.32) | 1.24 (1.09,1.40)* |
Level of education | ||||
Diploma and above | 349 | 527 | 1 | 1 |
No formal education | 5847 | 1650 | 2.74 (2.37,3.17) | 2.30 (1.95,2.72)* |
Primary education | 3906 | 1584 | 1.99 (1.74,2.28) | 1.84 (1.58,2.15)* |
Secondary education | 873 | 943 | 1.33 (1.17,1.52) | 1.31 (1.13,1.51)* |
Working status | ||||
Working | 3407 | 1812 | 0.96 (0.90,1.02) | 0.99 (0.92,1.06) |
Not working | 7569 | 2893 | 1 | 1 |
Wealth status | ||||
Rich | 4101 | 3161 | 1 | 1 |
Poor | 4574 | 867 | 2.72 (2.46,3.02) | 2.09 (1.86,2.35)* |
Middle | 2300 | 677 | 1.92 (1.71,2.16) | 1.57 (1.38,1.79)* |
Health insurance | ||||
Insured | 460 | 369 | 1 | 1 |
Non-insured | 10,551 | 4337 | 1.27 (1.05,1.53) | 1.19 (1.01,1.45)* |
Gave birth in the last five years | ||||
Yes | 3288 | 2804 | 1 | 1 |
No | 5688 | 1901 | 1.07 (1.01,1.14) | 1.09 (0.98,1.19) |
Ever heard of fistula | ||||
Yes | 7395 | 2229 | 1 | 1 |
No | 3521 | 2468 | 0.73 (0.68,0.78) | 0.79 (0.75,1.05) |