Estimating the effectiveness of self-help groups on the adoption of secondary preventive measures by people living with HIV in Central America, 2012

Sanchez-Dominguez, Mario Salvador; Lamadrid-Figueroa, Hector; Leyva-Flores, Rene; Infante-Xibille, Cesar

doi:10.1186/s12913-020-05235-0

Table 4 Ordinary Least Squares model weighted in two stages with instrumental variables incorporated for condom use

From: Estimating the effectiveness of self-help groups on the adoption of secondary preventive measures by people living with HIV in Central America, 2012

Variables	Categories		1st stage: Intervention vs. control			2nd stage: Condom use
			Coeff	CI		Coeff	CI
Country	El Salvador		1.000			1.000
	Belice		0.453*	0.397	0.508	0.343	−0.131	0.818
	Costa Rica		− 0.042	− 0.111	0.025	− 0.079	− 0.162	0.002
	Guatemala		0.426*	0.374	0.477	0.144	−0.293	0.581
	Honduras		0.230*	0.177	0.283	0.184	−0.063	0.433
	Panama		0.432*	0.380	0.483	0.224	−0.227	0.675
Age (years)	16–24		1.000			1.000
	25–44		−0.033	−0.077	0.010	0.062	−0.001	0.127
	45–59		−0.046	−0.099	0.006	0.023	−0.054	0.100
	≥60		− 0.050	−0.132	0.031	−0.037	− 0.147	0.072
Schooling	None		1.00			1.000
	Literate		−0.015	−0.107	0.076	0.042	−0.080	0.164
	6 years		−0.066*	−0.110	− 0.022	0.016	− 0.073	0.105
	12 years		− 0.116*	−0.164	− 0.068	0.036	− 0.095	0.167
	≥16 years		−0.057	− 0.119	0.004	0.044	−0.052	0.141
Sex	Female		1.000			1.000
Sex	Male		0.035*	0.000	0.070	0.122*	0.071	0.172
Sexual orientation	Heterosexual		1.000			1.00
	Bisexual		0.029	0.029	−0.035	0.054	− 0.020	0.129
	Homosexual		0.007	0.007	−0.040	0.099*	0.042	0.157
Currently in a stable relationship	No		1.000			1.000
Currently in a stable relationship	Yes		0.017	−0.013	0.048	0.201*	0.164	0.238
Average Monthly income	0–2581 USD		−0.000	− 0.000	0.000	0.000	−5.480	0.000
Family support	No		1.000			1.000
Family support	Yes		0.037*	0.002	0.071	0.022	−0.031	0.076
Economic dependents	No		1.000			1.000
Economic dependents	Yes		−0.009	− 0.042	0.024	0.021	−0.016	0.060
History of pulmonary tuberculosis	No		1.000			1.000
History of pulmonary tuberculosis	Yes		0.029	−0.011	0.070	− 0.056*	− 0.111	− 0.001
Received counseling when tested for HIV	No		1.000			1.000
Received counseling when tested for HIV	Yes		−0.023	−0.065	0.019	0.024	− 0.029	0.078
History of drug use	No		1.000			1.000
History of drug use	Yes		−0.037	−0.092	0.016	0.045	−0.019	0.110
Future time perspective (scale)		1	0.058	−0.054	0.172	0.662*	0.403	0.922
		2	−0.235*	− 0.463	− 0.006	0.588*	0.197	0.980
		3	−0.269*	−0.531	− 0.006	0.472*	0.065	0.878
		4	−0.252*	−0.418	− 0.086	0.746*	0.431	1.061
		5	−0.260*	−0.376	− 0.144	0.647*	0.351	0.943
		6	−0.215*	−0.307	− 0.122	0.626*	0.379	0.873
		7	−0.182*	−0.270	− 0.094	0.718*	0.504	0.933
		8	−0.152*	−0.243	− 0.062	0.797*	0.611	0.983
		9	−0.265*	−0.354	− 0.175	0.845*	0.554	1.136
		10	−0.133*	−0.237	− 0.028	0.700*	0.489	0.910
Distance to SHG	Km (Euclidean)		−0.000*	−0.001	− 0.000	–	–	–
Distance to SHG - squared Euclidean	Km (Euclidean)		4.170*	1.140	7.210	–	–	–
Participation	Control		–	–	–
	Intervention		–	–	–	−0.252	−1.296	0.791

Source: prepared by the author based on data from the following project: Elaboration of the risk profile of people living with HIV in the beneficiary countries of the REDCA+ Regional Program; *p < 0.05; overidentification test: p = 0.861; endogeneity test: p = 0.265; weakness test: p = 0.024 (F = 3.71)

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ISSN: 1472-6963

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