Table 1 Normalization process theory coding framework used for qualitative analysis of digital patient feedback implementation

Differentiation: Is there a clear understanding of how digital feedback differs from existing practice?

Enrolment: Do individuals “buy into” the idea of digital feedback?

Skill set workability: How does the innovation affect roles and responsibilities or training needs?

Reconfiguration: Do individuals try to alter the digital feedback system?

Communal specification: Do individuals have a shared understanding of the aims, objectives and expected benefits of digital feedback?

Activation: Can individuals sustain their involvement?

Contextual Integration: Is there organizational support?

Communal appraisal: How do groups judge the value of digital feedback?

Individual specification: Do individuals have a clear understanding of their specific tasks and responsibilities in the implementation of digital feedback?

Initiation: Are key individuals willing to drive the implementation?

Interactional workability: Does digital feedback make people’s work easier?

Individual appraisal; How do individuals appraise the effects on them and their work environment?

Internalization: Do individuals understand the value, benefits and importance of digital feedback?

Legitimation: Do individuals believe it is right for them to be involved?

Relational integration: Do individuals have confidence in the new system?

Systematization: How are benefits or problems identified or measured?