From: Measuring patient experiences in a Children’s hospital with a medical clowning intervention: a case-control study
How much did the cannula insertion hurt? (n, in brackets %)
Intervention group (n = 38)
Reference group (n = 32)
None or little (1–2)
26 (68)
25 (78)
Moderate (3)
8 (21)
3 (9)
Much or very much (4–5)
4 (11)
4 (13)
Average
2.0
1.8
STD
1.2
1.3