From: Can integration reduce inequity in healthcare utilization? Evidence and hurdles in China
 | integration pilot area | Non-integration area | |
---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Â | |
Specific arrangement | Merged the three existing insurance schemes (UEBMI, URBMI and NRCMS) into a new scheme--USBMI | Only merged the URBMI and NRCMS into a new scheme—URRBMI, UEBMI was kept. | The three existing insurance schemes still run separately. |
Population coverage | USBMI covered all population | URRBMI covered urban-rural residents except for urban employees. | UEBMI covered urban employees, URBMI covered urban residents, NRCMS covered rural residents. |
Pooling level of fund | USBMI was pooled at municipal level. | URRBMI were pooled at municipal level. | UEBMI and URBMI were pooled at municipal level, while NRCMS was pooled at county level. |
Contribution of premium | All urban employees kept the previous percentage of wage for premium contribution which was shared by employees and employers; the remaining urban and rural residents paid the flat rate, which was also shared by local government. | In URRBMI, urban-rural residents paid uniform flat rate and was shared by individual and government, which was adjusted yearly; the premium level of URRBMI were much higher than un-integrated insurance schemes. | In UEBMI, employees paid percentage of wage for premium contribution which were shared by employees and employers; In URBMI and NRCMS, residents paid the flat rate, which was also shared by local government; the premium level of URBMI was higher than NRCMS |
Fund management | All the funds were eventually pooled together and were uniformly managed. | The fund of URRBMI were uniformly managed but were separated from UEBMI. | The fund of three schemes were separately managed |
Benefit package | The benefit package was expanded compared to the previous schemes and was unified for all enrollees. | In URRBMI, the benefit package was expanded compared to the previous URBMI and NRCMS and was unified for urban and rural residents. | UEBMI> URBMI>NRCMS |
Reimbursement rate | The reimbursement rare was higher than previous schemes and was unified for all enrollees. | In URRBMI, reimbursement rare was higher than previous URBMI and NRCMS and was unified for urban and rural residents. | UEBMI> URBMI>NRCMS |