Prevalence and determinants of dental visits among older adults: findings of a nationally representative longitudinal study

Table 1 Sample characteristics for individuals included in Poisson FE regression analysis (n = 7299 observations – based on 3331 individuals)

	N/Mean	%/(SD)
Gender: Female	3594	49.2%
Education (ISCED-97): - Low	339	6.3%
- Middle	2712	50.7%
- High	2304	43.0%
Age in years	62.7	(10.9)
Marital status: Married, living together with spouse	5578	76.4%
Employment status:
- Employed	2745	37.6%
- Retired	3684	50.5%
- Other: not employed	870	11.9%
Weight categories:
- Underweight	27	0.4%
- Normal weight	2782	38.1%
- Overweight	3093	42.4%
- Obesity	1397	19.1%
Number of physical illnesses	2.3	(1.8)
Self-rated health (1 = very good to 5 = very bad)	2.4	(0.8)
Absence of depression (CES-D < 18)	6876	94.2%
Loneliness (1 = low loneliness scores to 4 = high loneliness scores)	1.7	(0.5)
Number of dental visits	2.1	(1.8)

Notes: N = number; SD = standard deviation. Underweight: BMI < 18.5 kg/m², normal weight: 18.5 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m², overweight: 25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²), and obese: BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²; CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; Loneliness was quantified using the short version of the 11-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. ISCED-97 was used to quantify education

ISSN: 1472-6963