Evaluation of bottom-up interventions targeting community-dwelling frail older people in Belgium: methodological challenges and lessons for future comparative effectiveness studies

Lambert, Anne-Sophie; Ces, Sophie; Malembaka, Espoir Bwenge; Van Durme, Thérèse; Declercq, Anja; Macq, Jean

doi:10.1186/s12913-019-4240-9

Table 1 Description of the total and item-specific scores of the BelRAI scales for disability profiles

From: Evaluation of bottom-up interventions targeting community-dwelling frail older people in Belgium: methodological challenges and lessons for future comparative effectiveness studies

	Max	Low limit.	IADL (cogn.)	Func.	Func., cogn.	Func., cogn., behav.
Activities of Daily Life Scale (ADL)
% above the cut-off	100	2.99	0.21	70.92	88.86	72.11
ADL score	6	0 [0–0]	0 [0–1]	3 [2–4]	3 [3–4]	3 [2–4]
Personal hygiene	6	0 [0–1]	1 [0–2]	4 [3–5]	5 [4–6]	5 [3–6]
Locomotion	6	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	2 [0–4]	3 [0–5]	1 [0–3]
Toilet use	6	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–3]	3 [0–5]	2 [0–4]
Eating	6	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	1 [0–1]	1 [0–3]	1 [0–3]
Instrumental Activities of Daily Life Scale (IADL)
% above the cut-off	100	4.85	88.61	92.49	99.74	97.03
IADL score	48	14 [8–18]	31 [27–36]	34 [30–39]	44 [40–47]	42 [38–46]
Meal preparation	6	0 [0–3]	5 [3–6]	6 [4–6]	6 [6–6]	6 [5–6]
ordinary housework	6	3 [0–4]	5 [4–6]	6 [5–6]	6 [6–6]	6 [5–6]
Managing finances	6	0 [0–3]	5 [4–6]	5 [2–6]	6 [6–6]	6 [6–6]
Managing medications	6	0 [0–1]	3 [1–6]	3 [0–5]	6 [5–6]	6 [5–6]
Phone use	6	0 [0–0]	0 [0–1]	0 [0–1]	4 [1–6]	5 [1–6]
Stairs	6	0 [0–0]	0 [0–3]	5 [2–6]	5 [2–6]	2 [0–5]
Shopping	6	2 [0–4]	5 [4–6]	6 [5–6]	6 [6–6]	6 [6–6]
Transportation	6	0 [0–4]	6 [4–6]	6 [6–6]	6 [6–6]	6 [6–6]
Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS)
% above the cut-off	100	5.25	28.42	0.21	82.47	86.8
CPS score	6	0 [0–1]	2 [0–3]	0 [0–1]	3 [3–5]	4 [3–5]
Decision making	5	0 [0–0]	1 [0–2]	0 [0–0]	2 [2–4]	3 [2–4]
Short-term memory	1	0 [0–0]	0 [0–1]	0 [0–0]	1 [0–1]	1 [1–1]
Procedural memory	1	0 [0–0]	0 [0–1]	0 [0–0]	1 [0–1]	1 [1–1]
Understood	4	0 [0–0]	0 [0–1]	0 [0–0]	1 [1–2]	2 [1–3]
Aggressive Behavior Scale (ABS)
% above the cut-off	100	6.13	13.56	3.51	22.8	100
ABS score	15	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	4 [3–6]
Wandering	4	0 [0–0]	0 [0–1]	0 [0–0]	1 [1–2]	2 [1–3]
Verbal abuse	3	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	3 [0–3]
Physical abuse	3	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	1 [0–2]
Social disruptive behav.	3	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–1]
Resistance of care	3	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–0]	0 [0–2]
Depression Rating Scale (DRS)
% above the cut-off	100	30.25	31.73	19.89	37.26	58.16
DRS score	14	1 [0–3]	1 [0–3]	0 [0–2]	2 [0–4]	3 [1–6]
N
N	10,783	2040	1932	3821	2316	674

Max The total or the items maximum score of the BelRAI scales, Low limit. Low-level limitations, IADL (cogn.) IADL and low level of cognitive impairment, Func Functional limitations, Func., cogn. Functional & cognitive impairments, Func., cogn., behav. Functional, cognitive & behavioural problems; % above the cut-off is the proportion of individuals above the cut-off of the total score of BelRAI scales; the other lines present the median with the interquartile range of the total or of the items scores of the BelRAI scales

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