Table 5 Differential Effect of Quantitiy/Quality of Clinics on Health Outcomes by Mother’s characteristics
Antenatal care (at least 1) | Antenatal care (at least 4) | Institutional delivery | Postnatal care | Complete Vaccination | HAZ | Stunting | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panel: Education | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) |
% high HF within 5 km (comparison: % low HF within 5 km) | 0.284*** (0.025) | 0.238*** (0.028) | 0.116*** (0.021) | 0.044 (0.028) | 0.075*** (0.024) | 29.507*** (11.234) | −0.050* (0.027) |
% high-middle HF within 5 km (comparison: % low HF within 5 km) | 0.191*** (0.023) | 0.220*** (0.025) | 0.049*** (0.019) | 0.049* (0.026) | 0.045** (0.021) | 5.528 (10.119) | −0.001 (0.025) |
% low-middle HF within 5 km (comparison: % low HF within 5 km) | 0.212*** (0.023) | 0.198*** (0.025) | 0.046** (0.019) | 0.070*** (0.026) | 0.011 (0.022) | −6.520 (10.409) | 0.017 (0.025) |
Education (secondary or higher) | 0.221*** (0.025) | 0.221*** (0.028) | 0.164*** (0.021) | 0.085*** (0.028) | 0.092*** (0.024) | 10.479 (11.120) | −0.050* (0.027) |
% high HF within 5 km * Education | −0.171*** (0.032) | − 0.121*** (0.036) | 0.029 (0.027) | 0.028 (0.037) | 0.070** (0.031) | 7.253 (14.489) | 0.004 (0.035) |
% high-middle HF within 5 km * Education | −0.134*** (0.033) | −0.129*** (0.037) | 0.012 (0.028) | 0.003 (0.037) | 0.026 (0.032) | 14.774 (14.728) | −0.012 (0.036) |
% low-middle HF within 5 km * Education | −0.165*** (0.040) | −0.108** (0.045) | − 0.051 (0.034) | 0.003 (0.046) | 0.028 (0.039) | 44.425** (18.219) | −0.034 (0.044) |
constant | 0.338*** (0.074) | 0.074 (0.081) | 0.272*** (0.061) | −0.028 (0.083) | −0.051 (0.070) | − 637.852*** (33.568) | 1.404*** (0.082) |
N | 16,988 | 16,988 | 25,273 | 16,928 | 24,917 | 22,682 | 22,681 |
r2 | 0.054 | 0.049 | 0.060 | 0.017 | 0.023 | 0.017 | 0.013 |
LGA FE | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Panel B: Wealth | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) |
% high HF within 5 km (comparison: % low HF within 5 km) | 0.292*** (0.027) | 0.241*** (0.030) | 0.101*** (0.023) | 0.053* (0.031) | 0.063** (0.026) | 24.765** (12.365) | −0.064** (0.030) |
% high-middle HF within 5 km (comparison: % low HF within 5 km) | 0.200*** (0.024) | 0.220*** (0.027) | 0.050** (0.020) | 0.050* (0.027) | 0.065*** (0.023) | 15.360 (10.909) | −0.020 (0.027) |
% low-middle HF within 5 km (comparison: % low HF within 5 km) | 0.237*** (0.023) | 0.230*** (0.026) | 0.074*** (0.019) | 0.094*** (0.027) | 0.026 (0.022) | 0.724 (10.679) | 0.012 (0.026) |
Wealth = middle, richer, richest | 0.233*** (0.021) | 0.212*** (0.023) | 0.115*** (0.017) | 0.091*** (0.024) | 0.048** (0.020) | 16.566* (9.441) | −0.059** (0.023) |
% high HF within 5 km * Wealthy | −0.160*** (0.033) | −0.110*** (0.037) | 0.026 (0.028) | −0.016 (0.038) | 0.049 (0.032) | 4.940 (15.019) | 0.047 (0.037) |
% high-middle HF within 5 km * Wealthy | −0.123*** (0.031) | −0.100*** (0.034) | − 0.007 (0.026) | −0.017 (0.035) | − 0.039 (0.029) | −17.186 (13.907) | 0.048 (0.034) |
% low-middle HF within 5 km * Wealthy | −0.223*** (0.035) | −0.206*** (0.038) | − 0.144*** (0.029) | −0.100** (0.039) | − 0.041 (0.033) | 1.261 (15.480) | 0.005 (0.038) |
constant | 0.334*** (0.074) | 0.069 (0.081) | 0.261*** (0.061) | −0.038 (0.083) | − 0.061 (0.070) | − 639.553*** (33.564) | 1.408*** (0.082) |
N | 16,988 | 16,988 | 25,273 | 16,928 | 24,917 | 22,682 | 22,681 |
r2 | 0.055 | 0.050 | 0.061 | 0.017 | 0.024 | 0.017 | 0.013 |
LGA FE | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |