Table 3 Overview of Documents Obtained in this Scoping Review
From: What makes mental health and substance use services youth friendly? A scoping review of literature
Author (Reference Number) | Location | Type of document | Perspectives/ Description of services | Organization and policy characteristics | Environment characteristics | Staff characteristics | Treatment/ Service characteristics | Expected Impact | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Armstrong [23] | Canada | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth and Staff perspectives | Youth voice | – | – | – | ↑Youth engagement may lead to ↓stigma, ↓suicidality, ↑coping, ↑youth connections | Youth participation in service design and delivery, under close support of professionals |
Bardash [24] | USA | Dissertation | Youth and Staff perspectives | Transitional age focus, terminology | Physical layout and décor, Informational materials | – | Location and access, | Youth-friendly environment may lead to ↑service uptake | – |
Boyden, Muniz, & Laxton-Kane [25] | UK | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | – | – | Communication and counselling skills | – | – | – |
Davidson et al., [26] | Canada | Peer reviewed journal article | Description of services | – | – | – | – | – | Knowledge of, appreciation for, and lack of judgment towards youth culture |
Davidson et al.[27] | Canada | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | – | – | – | – | – | Knowledge of, appreciation for, and lack of judgment towards youth culture |
Dixon et al. [28] | Australia | Peer reviewed journal article | Staff perspectives | – | – | Communication and counselling skills | – | – | – |
Goodwin [29] | New Zealand | Presentation | Description of services | Youth voice, Integrated services, Confidentiality, Inclusive and culturally diverse | – | Youth voice, Paradigms of working with youth | Appointment times, Cost, First contact and assessment, | – | Youth accessibility, appropriateness, affordability, and confidentiality |
Hyman et al. [30] | Canada | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | – | – | Values and attitudes | – | Youth-friendly service provider may lead to ↑treatment engagement | – |
James [31] | Australia | Peer reviewed journal article | Description of services | Youth voice | – | – | – | – | Listen to youth, do so willingly and frequently, and take notice of what it hears |
Kiselica [32] | USA | Peer reviewed journal article | Description of services | Inclusive services | Physical layout and décor | Paradigms of working with youth, Communication and counselling skills | Appointment times, Recreational activities, Group activities, Innovative services | Youth-friendly service provider and recreational activities may lead to ↑ treatment engagement | Wide variety of strategies that appeal to youth and that facilitate establishment and maintenance of rapport |
Kiselica [33] | USA | Book chapter | Description of services | – | – | Paradigms of working with youth | – | – | Informal settings, flexible time schedules, instrumental activities, humor, self-disclosure, psychoeducational groups |
Kiselica and Englar-Carlson [34] | USA | Book chapter | Description of services | – | Physical layout and décor | Paradigms of working with youth, Communication and counselling skills, | Appointment times, Recreational activities, Group activities, Innovative services | Youth-friendly service provider may lead to ↑ treatment engagement | Wide variety of strategies that appeal to youth and that facilitate establishment and maintenance of rapport |
McCann and Lubman [35] | Australia | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | – | – | Values and attitudes | Appointment times, Youth practitioner fit, Individualized response | Youth-friendly service provider may lead to ↑service satisfaction | Youth feel engaged, valued, respected, supported to take control of their lives |
McGorry [36] | Australia | Peer reviewed journal article | Description of services | – | – | – | – | – | Services that acknowledge and respond to cultural and developmental issues |
Medlow et al. [37] | Australia | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | – | Physical layout and décor | Welcoming staff | – | – | Greater consumer and carer involvement in planning and delivery |
Muir, Powell & McDermott [38] | Australia | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | Integrated services, Confidentiality, Transitional age focus | Physical layout and décor | Welcoming staff, Values and attitudes | Youth voice, Location and access, Appointment times, Cost, Youth Practitioner fit | Youth-friendly services (e.g. text messages) may lead to ↑treatment engagement | WHO youth-friendly services definition |
Paul Hamlyn Foundation and Mental Health Foundation [39] | UK | Guidelines/ Framework | Description of services | Youth voice, Confidentiality, Appropriate promotional approaches, Technological platforms, | – | Youth voice | Location and access, Appointment times, First contact and assessment, Youth practitioner fit, Recreational activities | Youth engagement may lead to ↑service uptake, improved mental health, ↑youth empowerment, ↑transparency, ↓stigma, and ↑career development among youth | WHO ‘You’re Welcome’ criteria |
Persson, Hagquist & Michelson [40] | Sweden | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | Safe space | Youth voice, Physical layout and décor | Welcoming staff, Communication and counselling skills | Location and access, Appointment times, Caregiver involvement, Recreational approaches, Innovative approaches | – | – |
Pinto [41] | UK | Peer reviewed journal article | Description of services | – | – | – | – | – | Adapt frameworks to meet current situation |
Pope [42] | UK | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | Appropriate promotional approaches | – | Youth voice, Young staff members | – | – | Younger staff, ↑visibility, youth designed publicity |
Rhodes [43] | USA | Dissertation | Staff perspectives | – | – | – | Innovative approaches | – | – |
Rickwood et al. [44] | Australia | Guidelines/ Framework | Youth, Caregiver, Staff perspectives | Youth voice, Integrated services, Inclusive and culturally diverse services | Physical layout and décor, Informational materials | Welcoming staff, Values and attitudes, Communication and counselling skills | Individualized response | – | WHO youth-friendly services definition |
Rickwood, Van Dyke & Telford [45] | Australia | Peer reviewed journal article | Description of services | – | Physical layout and décor, Informational materials | – | – | – | Youth participation in own health care and well-being management |
Rosen and Howe [46] | Australia | Presentation | Description of services | Confidentiality, Inclusive services | – | Location and access, Appointment times, Cost | – | – | |
Scheve, Perkins & Mincemoyer [47] | USA | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | Youth voice | – | – | – | Listening to youth and applying their ideas may lead to ↑youth engagement in services | – |
Stromback, Malmgren-Olsson & Wiklund [48] | Sweden | Peer reviewed journal article | Youth perspectives | – | – | – | – | – | WHO youth-friendly services definition |
Ontario Centre of Excellence for Child and Youth Mental Health [49] | Canada | Guidelines/ Framework | Description of services | Confidentiality, Safe space, Inclusive and diverse | Youth voice, Physical layout and décor | Communication and counselling skills | Location and access, Appointment times, Group activities | – | Safe space – where one feels respected, valued, can express themselves authentically without fear of being judged |
Youthline [50] | New Zealand | Guidelines/ Framework | Description of services | Appropriate promotional approaches, Technological platforms | Informational materials | – | – | – | Defined youth-friendly mental health resources |