Table 3 Analysis of doctors and others who have used telemedicine (TM)
Characteristics | TM Users | Non-users | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doctors (n = 74) | Others (n = 93) | Total (n = 167) | TM aware non-users (n = 116) | Unaware of TM (n = 123) | ||
Core Readiness - Awareness of Telemedicine | ||||||
TM used for | Diagnosis | 16 (34.0) | 9 (9.7) | 25 (15.3)a | – | – |
Treatment | 23 (31.1) | 14 (15.2) | 37 (22.7)a | – | – | |
Prevention | 25 (33.8) | 15 (16.1) | 40 (24.5)b | – | – | |
e-Learning | 30 (40.5) | 40 (43.0) | 70 (42.9) | – | – | |
Knowledge sharing | 21 (28.4) | 31 (33.3) | 52 (31.9) | – | – | |
e-consultation | 47 (63.5) | 46 (49.5) | 93 (57.1) | – | – | |
e-prescription | 60 (81.1) | 1 (1.1) | 61 (37.4)c | – | – | |
Impressed with TM | 74 (100) | 81 (87.1) | 155 (95.1)c | – | – | |
Core Readiness - Integrating Telemedicine | ||||||
TM reduces referrals | 65 (87.8) | 73 (78.5) | 138 (84.7) | 89 (76.7) | 30 (24.4)c | |
TM reduces hospital visits | 65 (87.8) | 60 (64.5) | 125 (76.7)c | 99 (85.3)a | 52 (42.3)c | |
Use TM over traditional methods | 67 (90.5) | 69 (74.2) | 136 (83.4)b | 102 (87.9) | 67 (54.5)c | |
Required before TM | Licensing | 43 (58.1) | 64 (68.8) | 107 (65.6) | 85 (73.3) | 48 (39.0)c |
Remuneration | 33 (44.6) | 52 (55.9) | 85 (52.1) | 61 (52.6) | 20 (16.3)c | |
Policy | 74 (100) | 80 (86.0) | 154 (94.5)c | 97 (83.6)a | 58 (47.2)c | |
Training | 68 (91.9) | 79 (84.9) | 147 (90.2) | 63 (54.3)c | 66 (53.7)c | |
Ethical Guideline | 69 (93.2) | 61 (65.6) | 130 (79.8)c | 66 (56.9)c | 45 (36.6)c | |
TM solves HWs crisis | 70 (94.6) | 74 (79.6) | 144 (88.3)b | 106 (91.4) | 81 (65.9)c | |
Core Readiness - Comfort with Telemedicine | ||||||
TM is cost effective | 59 (79.7) | 93 (100) | 152 (93.3)c | 98 (84.5) | 85 (69.1)c | |
Worth investing in TM infrastructure? | 73 (98.6) | 76 (81.7) | 149 (91.4)c | 83 (71.6)c | 81 (65.9)c | |
TM is effective for emergencies | 66 (89.2) | 86 (92.5) | 152 (93.3) | 111 (95.7) | 96 (78.0)b | |
Core Readiness – Process Workflow | ||||||
TM affects normal process workflow | 5 (6.8) | 23 (24.7) | 28 (17.2)b | 5 (4.3)c | 24 (19.5) | |
TM would alter work practices | 24 (32.4) | 47 (50.5) | 71 (43.6)a | 54 (46.6) | 44 (35.8) | |
TM would change referral process | 63 (85.1) | 66 (71.0) | 129 (79.1)a | 113 (97.4)c | 53 (43.1)c | |
Learning Readiness – Enhancing Provider Skill | ||||||
How do you access Continuing Medical Education? | Conference | 71 (95.9) | 65 (69.9) | 136 (83.4)c | 91 (78.4) | 70 (60.3)c |
Internet | 70 (94.6) | 56 (60.2) | 126 (77.3)c | 83 (71.6) | 45 (38.8)c | |
Workshop | 74 (100) | 63 (67.7) | 137 (84.0)c | 93 (80.2) | 86 (74.1)a | |
Attend course | 26 (35.1) | 22 (23.7) | 48 (29.4) | 42 (36.2) | 60 (51.7)c | |
Consult colleagues | 8 (10.8) | 11 (11.8) | 19 (11.7) | 9 (7.8) | 17 (14.7) | |
Could TM enhance e-learning? | 62 (83.8) | 62 (66.7) | 124 (76.1)a | 114 (98.3)c | 113 (91.9)c | |
Are HW ready to adopt e-learning? | 68 (91.9) | 81 (87.1) | 149 (91.4) | 107 (92.2) | 113 (91.9) | |
Would TM use bridge skills gap? | 49 (66.2) | 78 (83.9) | 127 (77.9)b | 104 (89.7)b | 119 (96.7)c | |
Clinical Readiness - Factors | ||||||
Use of TM for clinical gaps | 67 (90.5) | 84 (90.3) | 151 (92.6) | 109 (94.0) | 104 (84.6) | |
Agree with treatment outcome | 70 (94.6) | 85 (91.4) | 155 (95.1) | 111 (95.7) | 99 (80.5)b | |
TM will improve clinical outcome | 70 (94.6) | 85 (91.4) | 156 (95.1) | 100 (86.2) | 100 (81.3)b | |
Overall Readiness | ||||||
HW ready to integrate TM | 65 (87.8) | 60 (64.5) | 125 (76.7)b | 68 (58.6)b | 64 (52.0)c | |