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Table 1 Characteristics of persons released from provincial prison in 2010 and age- and sex-matched general population controls in Ontario, Canada

From: Primary care utilization in people who experience imprisonment in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective cohort study

Characteristic

Prison release group, N=48,861

General population controls, N=195,444

p value*

Age- n (%)

Median (IQRa)

32 (24-43)

32 (24-43)

N/A

Sex- n (%)

Male

42,754 (87.5%)

171,016 (87.5%)

N/A

Female

6107 (12.5%)

24,428 (12.5%)

Self-reported raceb- n (%)

Missing

4,499 (9.2%)

-

-

White

28,745 (58.8%)

-

-

Black

5,568 (11.4%)

-

-

Aboriginal

4,954 (10.1%)

-

-

Other

5,095 (10.4%)

-

-

Neighbourhood income quintile- n (%)

Missing

2,317 (4.7%)

1,009 (0.5%)

<.001

1 (lowest)

18,151 (37.1%)

39,076 (20.0%)

2

10,481 (21.5%)

39,113 (20.0%)

3

7,706 (15.8%)

39,044 (20.0%)

4

5,923 (12.1%)

39,978 (20.5%)

5

4,283 (8.8%)

37,224 (19.0%)

Rural/Small Town- n (%)

Missing

1,573 (3.2%)

164 (0.1%)

<.001

Yes

6,339 (13.0%)

20,659 (10.6%)

No

40,949 (83.8%)

174,621 (89.3%)

Time in provincial prison- median days (IQRa)

Admission leading to initial 2010 release

10 (3-52)

-

-

Past five years

72 (12-230)

-

-

Time to reincarceration- median days (IQRa)

195 (69-490)

-

N/A

Person years of follow up (persons)

In prisonc

6,685 (48,861)

26,738 (195,444)

N/A

Post-releasec

0-6 days

932 (48,861)

3,745 (195,444)

7-29 days

2,929 (47,870)

12,299 (195,393)

30-89 days

6,917 (44,939)

32,037 (195,231)

90-179 days

8,960 (39,328)

47,921 (194,794)

 

180-364 days

14,624 (33,538)

98,056 (194,158)

 

365-730 days

23,251 (26,055)

192,449 (193,040)

 

Number of ADGsa- n (%)

Median (IQR)

4 (2-7)

3 (1-5)

<.001

0-4

25,383 (51.9%)

136,412 (69.8%)

<.001

5-9

17,395 (35.6%)

51,825 (26.5%)

≥10

6,083 (12.4%)

7,207 (3.7%)

Chronic disease prevalenced- n (%)

Diabetes

2,341 (4.8%)

8,047 (4.1%)

<.001

Hypertension

3,629 (7.4%)

17076 (8.7%)

<.001

COPDa

2178 (4.5%)

3960 (2.0%)

<.001

Asthma

8011 (16.4%)

26,939 (13.8%)

<.001

CHFa

166 (0.34%)

507 (0.3%)

0.002

HIVa infection prevalenced- n (%)

330 (0.7%)

343 (0.2%)

<.001

Mental disorders - n (%)prevalenced

Mood disorders

3,318 (6.8%)

1,521 (0.8%)

<.001

Schizophrenia

1,909 (3.9%)

696 (0.4%)

<.001

Anxiety disorders

3,757 (7.7%)

2,336 (1.2%)

<.001

Substance–related disorders

8,270 (16.9%)

2,392 (1.2%)

<.001

  1. *For chi squared or t test. aIQR interquartile range, ADGsAggregated Diagnosis Groups, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CHF congestive heart failure, HIV human immunodeficiency virus. bData on race were not available for the general population. We did not modify the category names provided by the MCSCS, e.g. Aboriginal. cOr the corresponding dates for general population controls. dDiagnosis based on health administrative data
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