Table 4 Odds of migrating to more rural area for those working in intermediate and urban municipalities
From: Board certification and urban–rural migration of physicians in Japan
Tertile 2 (intermediate) in 2012 and Tertile 1 (rural) in 2014 | Tertile 3 (urban) in 2012 and Tertile 2 (intermediate) or 1 (rural) in 2014 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
Sex | ||||
Male | Reference | Reference | ||
Female | 0.55 (0.45–0.68) | < 0.001 | 0.65 (0.62–0.69) | < 0.001 |
Years of experience | ||||
0–14 | Reference | Reference | ||
15–29 | 0.30 (0.25–0.36) | < 0.001 | 0.34 (0.32–0.36) | < 0.001 |
30–44 | 0.21 (0.16–0.26) | < 0.001 | 0.22 (0.20–0.24) | < 0.001 |
≥ 45 | 0.20 (0.14–0.28) | < 0.001 | 0.15 (0.12–0.17) | < 0.001 |
Type of institution | ||||
Clinic | Reference | Reference | ||
Hospital | 1.59 (1.31–1.94) | < 0.001 | 1.99 (1.85–2.14) | < 0.001 |
Board certification status from 2012 to 2014 | ||||
Remained certified | Reference | Reference | ||
Lost certification | 2.72 (1.91–3.88) | < 0.001 | 1.92 (1.70–2.18) | < 0.001 |
Newly certified | 1.48 (1.12–1.97) | 0.006 | 1.32 (1.21–1.45) | < 0.001 |
Remained uncertified | 1.81 (1.51–2.16) | < 0.001 | 1.41 (1.34–1.50) | < 0.001 |