From: Understanding reasons for unmet health care needs in Korea: what are health policy implications?
Variables | Overall unmet need (weighted n = 18,078,724) | Availability unmet need (weighted n = 16,784,081) | Acceptability unmet need (weighted n = 16,207,830) | Accessibility unmet need (weighted n = 15,872,025) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95%CI | p-value | OR | 95%CI | p-value | OR | 95%CI | p-value | OR | 95%CI | p-value | |
Age (Ref: 65+) | ||||||||||||
 19–34 | 1.72 | 1.22–2.44 | < 0.01* | 3.70 | 2.02 - 6.77 | < 0.01* | 1.21 | 0.66-2.20 | 0.54 | 1.34 | 0.59–3.00 | 0.48 |
 35–49 | 1.54 | 1.13–2.11 | < 0.01* | 2.57 | 1.52 - 4.36 | < 0.01* | 1.04 | 0.99-2.85 | 0.05 | 1.03 | 0.54–1.96 | 0.93 |
 50–64 | 1.18 | 0.91–1.54 | 0.20 | 2.03 | 1.20–3.43 | < 0.01* | 1.26 | 0.83-1.89 | 0.27 | 0.88 | 0.52–1.51 | 0.66 |
Marital status (Ref: Married or living with partner) | ||||||||||||
 Single or living alone | 1.05 | 0.81–1.35 | 0.72 | 0.95 | 0.68–1.34 | 0.78 | 1.38 | 0.01–2.09 | 0.13 | 0.79 | 0.42–1.46 | 0.45 |
Education (Ref: Post-secondary) | ||||||||||||
 Completion of elementary school | 1.41 | 1.00–1.99 | 0.05 | 0.87 | 0.51–1.46 | 0.59 | 1.39 | 0.79–2.44 | 0.25 | 3.41 | 1.39–8.36 | < 0.01* |
 Completion of middle school | 1.20 | 0.83–1.70 | 0.34 | 1.07 | 0.67–1.72 | 0.77 | 1.04 | 0.59–1.82 | 0.90 | 2.32 | 0.93–5.75 | 0.07 |
 Completion of high school | 1.15 | 0.92–1.45 | 0.21 | 1.16 | 0.88–1.54 | 0.30 | 0.94 | 0.66–1.35 | 0.75 | 2.27 | 1.13–4.58 | 0.02* |
Annual household income (Ref: Q4; Highest) | ||||||||||||
 Q1 | 0.88 | 0.64–1.22 | 0.45 | 0.61 | 0.33–1.12 | 0.11 | 0.85 | 0.53–1.37 | 0.50 | 3.30 | 1.28–8.49 | 0.01* |
 Q2 | 1.00 | 0.78 - 1.27 | 0.98 | 0.74 | 0.54–1.01 | 0.05 | 1.21 | 0.80–1.82 | 0.36 | 2.96 | 1.22–7.21 | 0.02* |
 Q3 | 1.03 | 0.82 - 1.29 | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.67–1.15 | 0.35 | 1.08 | 0.71–1.65 | 0.72 | 2.55 | 1.04–6.28 | 0.04* |
Occupation (Ref: White collar/Office) | ||||||||||||
 Services & Sales | 1.18 | 0.89–1.57 | 0.25 | 1.06 | 0.74–1.52 | 0.76 | 1.82 | 1.16–2.85 | 0.01* | 0.55 | 0.19-1.59 | 0.27 |
 Farming & Fishing | 0.98 | 0.69–1.39 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.56–1.38 | 0.57 | 1.73 | 1.00–3.00 | 0.05 | 0.71 | 0.23–2.24 | 0.56 |
 Blue collar | 1.12 | 0.88–1.42 | 0.37 | 1.14 | 0.84–1.55 | 0.40 | 1.15 | 0.73–1.80 | 0.54 | 1.24 | 0.57–2.67 | 0.58 |
 Out of labour market (Homemakers/students, etc.) | 0.70 | 0.52–0.94 | 0.02 | 0.27 | 0.15–0.48 | < 0.01* | 1.28 | 0.80-2.08 | 0.31 | 1.25 | 0.56–2.80 | 0.58 |
Region (Ref: Seoul) | ||||||||||||
 Incheon & Gyeonggi | 1.13 | 0.86–1.47 | 0.38 | 1.23 | 0.88–1.71 | 0.22 | 1.24 | 0.76–2.05 | 0.39 | 0.75 | 0.45–1.25 | 0.27 |
 Daejeon & Chungcheong/ Gangwon | 1.06 | 0.74–1.50 | 0.76 | 0.90 | 0.54–1.50 | 0.68 | 1.33 | 0.71–2.49 | 0.38 | 1.01 | 0.49–2.08 | 0.99 |
 Gwangjoo & Jeolla/ Jeju | 1.18 | 0.76–1.85 | 0.47 | 1.49 | 0.83–2.68 | 0.18 | 1.26 | 0.70–2.28 | 0.45 | 0.52 | 0.23–1.16 | 0.11 |
 Busan, Daegu, Ulsan & Gyeongsang | 2.21 | 1.73–2.82 | < 0.01* | 2.25 | 1.62 - 3.12 | < 0.01* | 3.60 | 2.30-5.63 | < 0.01* | 0.72 | 0.42-.1.24 | 0.23 |
National Health Insurance (Ref: Yes) | ||||||||||||
 Medicaid | 1.30 | 0.71–2.37 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.08–1.69 | 0.19 | 1.45 | 0.66–3.20 | 0.36 | 1.69 | 0.67–4.27 | 0.26 |
 No & don’t know | 0.37 | 0.08–1.75 | 0.21 | 0.68 | 0.09–5.12 | 0.71 | 1.00 | – | – | 0.43 | 0.06–3.29 | 0.41 |
Self-rated health (Ref: Good) | ||||||||||||
 Fair | 1.34 | 1.07–1.68 | 0.01* | 1.67 | 1.26 - 2.22 | < 0.01* | 1.05 | 0.75-1.48 | 0.77 | 1.03 | 0.59–1.78 | 0.93 |
 Poor | 3.36 | 2.58–4.37 | < 0.01* | 3.76 | 2.60 - 5.43 | < 0.01* | 2.22 | 1.50-3.29 | < 0.01* | 4.37 | 2.48-7.71 | < 0.01* |