Table 2 Summary of research aims, methods, observations, databases and sources
Research aims | Variables | Test | Number of observations and level of analysis | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Exploring the relationship between patient satisfaction and PLHAMA | PS and PLHAMA | Spearman correlation | - PS scores: sample of 60,000 households interviewed in Italian regions; IRPES regions (N = 13); - PLHAMA rate: IRPES regions (N = 13). | - PS scores: NIS population survey, year 2013; scale 0–10 from “totally unsatisfied” to “very satisfied”; - PLHAMA rates: IRPES data; hospital administrative database; year 2014. |
PS and PLHAMA | Spearman correlation | - PS scores: sample of 5482 patients interviewed in Tuscany; clinical directorates (N = 100) within hospitals in Tuscany (N = 28); - PLHAMA rate: approx. 4700 PLHAMAs out of approx. 520,000 discharged patients; clinical directorates (N = 100) within Tuscan hospitals (N = 28). | - PS scores: patient experience and satisfaction survey with hospital care; scale 0–5 from “Poor” to “Excellent”; year 2013–2014; - PLHAMA rate: MeSLab calculation; hospital administrative database; year 2013. | |
Exploring the relationship between PLHAMA and 30-day mortality, also across clinical speciality | Mortality and PLHAMA | Spearman correlation | Mortality and PLHAMA rates: approx. 2500 PLHAMAs and 19,300 deceased patients out of 350,000 discharges; wards (N = 405) of clinical specialties (N = 8) within IRPES university hospitals (N = 24). | CRISP-MeSLab database; administrative database; year 2014. |
Log-log regression model for mortality and PLHAMA rates with case-mix variables (Table 1) and clinical speciality fixed effects |