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Table 7 Multiple linear regression results of total caregiver burden (ZBI)

From: Economic cost and quality of life of family caregivers of schizophrenic patients attending psychiatric hospitals in Ghana

Covariates

β

95% CI

Age in years

−0.01

(−0.07, 0.05)

Sex

 Female

Ref

 

 Male

−0.42

(−1.89, 1.05)

Marital status:

 Single

Ref

 

 Married

−0.09

(−1.64, 1.46)

Proximity

 Close

Ref

 

 Far

0.90

(−0.78, 2.58)

Education

 None

Ref

 

 Primary/junior high school

0.10

(−2.34, 2.55)

 Secondary

−4.43

(−2.92, 2.06)

 Tertiary

−1.01

(−3.86, 1.84)

Employment status**

 None

Ref

 

 Private

3.47

(0.74, 6.19)

 Public

6.09

(3.10, 9.07)

 Self-employed

1.79

(−0.30, 3.88)

 Student/apprentice

0.17

(−4.37, 4.71)

Direct cost

0.01

(−0.001, 0.01)

Indirect cost

0.002

(−0.002, 0.01)

Duration of care given

0.002

(−0.01, 0.01)

Daily care given time in hours

−0.10

(−0.32, 0.13)

Other family

 No

Ref

 

 Yes

0.42

(−1.03, 1.87)

Anxiety**

 Normal

Ref

 

 Moderate

2.82

(1.05, 4.59)

 Severe

3.80

(1.02, 6.59)

Depression***

 Normal

Ref

 

 Moderate

3.24

(1.54, 4.94)

 Severe

8.25

(4.71, 11.80)

Stress***

 Normal

Ref

 

 Moderate

5.08

(2.91, 7.24)

 Severe

7.70

(4.70, 10.70)

R 2

51.9

 
  1. β is the estimated effect of covariate; R 2 is the adjusted coefficient off determination; CI is confidence interval; ref. is the reference category
  2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001