Table 4 Description of LPEP country programs in India, Nepal and Indonesia based on WHO framework
WHO Framework | Themes | LPEP Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India | LPEP Morang, Jhapa and Parsa, Nepal | LPEP Sumenep, Indonesia |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Service Delivery | Average coverage (2015–16) | SDR coverage is average 22 contacts per index case | SDR coverage is average 23 contacts per index case | SDR coverage is average 33 contacts per index case |
Infrastructure | General health care system | General health care system | General health care system | |
Activities | Line listing of HH, Neighbours and social contacts | Contact tracing of HH and Neighbours | Contact tracing of HH and Neighbours | |
HH, neighbours and school visits by volunteers (ASHA) and paramedics (ANM/PMW) | HH and neighbours visits by volunteers (FCHV) and paramedics (LFP) | Community gathering by village midwife and paramedics (LO) | ||
Individual screening of contacts by paramedics | Individual screening of contacts by paramedics | Self-screening and then re-screening of the suspects by paramedics | ||
SDR distribution immediately after screening | SDR distribution immediately after screening | SDR distribution after 2–3 days of IEC on self-screening | ||
Onsite data collection (paper forms) | Onsite data collection (paper forms) | Onsite data collection (paper forms) | ||
Process | Refer Fig. 4 | Refer Fig. 4 | Refer Fig. 4 | |
SDR supply | Rifampicin is procured by Dept. of Health in al dosages. Syrups available | Rifampicin is procured by Dept. of Health in all dosage. Syrups not available | Rifampicin is procured by Dept. of Health in all dosage. Syrups not available | |
Health Workforce | Staff | General health care staff + LPEP Supervisor (1) and Research assistants (4) | General health care staff, + LPEP Manager (1) and District supervisors (3) | General health care staff + LPEP manager (1) |
Training | LPEP operations and data management training to the staff before inception | LPEP operations and data management training to the staff before inception | LPEP operations and data management training to the staff before inception | |
Information | Indicators | Demographic, Epidemiology, Clinical and coverage indicators | Demographic, Epidemiology, Clinical and coverage indicators | Demographic, Epidemiology, Clinical and coverage indicators |
Data Management | Electronic data entry at district level by RAs in standard database (similar in all countries) | Electronic data entry at district level by SAs in standard database (similar in all countries) | Electronic data entry at district level by DLO in standard database (similar in all countries) | |
Supervision | Filed supervision by LPEP staff (daily bases), National program (periodic), International partners (twice a year) | Filed supervision by LPEP staff (daily bases), National program (periodic), International partners (twice a year) | Filed supervision by LPEP staff (daily bases), National program (periodic), International partners (twice a year) | |
Reporting | Monthly, quarterly and Annually. Bottom-up at all levels | Monthly, quarterly and Annually. Bottom-up at all levels | Monthly, quarterly and Annually. Bottom-up at all levels | |
Innovation | Initiatives | Rifampicin available in syrup for pediatric cases | No initiatives identified | Hand fan with leprosy and self-screening information. |
Financing | Funding | Majorly Govt. funds. NGO funding only for LPEP staff, monitoring and trainings | Majorly Govt. funds. NGO funding only for LPEP staff, monitoring and trainings | Majorly Govt. funds. NGO funding only for LPEP staff, monitoring and trainings |
Funds disbursement | On time disbursement of NGO funds. The government funds disbursement depends on national program’s status | On time disbursement of NGO funds. The government funds disbursement depends on national program’s status | On time disbursement of NGO funds. The government funds disbursement depends on national program’s status | |
Governance | Strategy | Extended contact tracing, including social contacts (school children) | Extended contact tracing | Extended contact tracing with self- screening |
Integration | Integrated into general health system | Integrated into general health system | Integrated into general health system |