Table 5 Factors associated with patients’ willingness to pay for MMT services. (Unit: 1000 Vietnam Dong)
| Â | Coef. | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
MMT model (MMTÂ +Â VCT - ref) | Â | Â |
 Rural MMT-ART-VCT-GH (dropped) |  |  |
 Urban MMT-ART-VCT-GH | −188*** | (−262; −113) |
 MMT + Regional poly clinic | −174*** | (−257; −92) |
Educational attainment (Illiterate - ref) | ||
 Elementary | 128** | (30; 226) |
 Secondary | 75** | (11; 139) |
 Vocational | 200** | (32; 368) |
Age groups (18- < 25 - ref) | ||
 40- <45 | 77* | (−7; 162) |
Self-reported health problems (vs. No) | ||
 Usual activities | −92 | (−225; 42) |
 Pain/ Discomfort | −140*** | (−222; −57) |
HIV negative vs. positive | 75 | (−22; 171) |
Had outpatient care last year (vs. No) | 79** | (13; 146) |
Historical expenses on opiates (5 levels) | ||
 Highest vs. Lowest | 117*** | (43; 190) |
Sex: female vs. male | −238* | (−515; 40) |
Income per capita (Lowest - ref) | ||
 Medium | 65 | (−18; 148) |
 High | 112*** | (32; 192) |
 Highest | 124*** | (45; 204) |
 Constant | 253*** | (172; 334) |