Assessment of hospital length of stay and direct costs of type 2 diabetes in Hubei Province, China

Table 4 Hospitalization costs of type 2 diabetes in patients with various complications

Hospitalization costs	No complications		Chronic complications		Acute + chronic complications		P-value
Hospitalization costs	Mean ± SD	Median	Mean ± SD	Median	Mean ± SD	Median	P-value
Total costs	159.72 ± 130.83	135.33 (92.03–184.28)	240.60 ± 166.58	192.09 (147.81–282.30)^a	247.98 ± 166.22	200.99 (155.47–286.39)^b	<0.001
Drugs	68.69 ± 75.18	57.84 (27.98–84.92)	111.60 ± 84.44	89.60 (61.67–138.62)^a	115.59 ± 82.89	95.45 (62.99–135.40)^b	<0.001
Accommodation	10.28 ± 12.35	7.71 (4.24–12.95)	14.90 ± 19.19	11.64 (8.81–15.80)^a	13.28 ± 6.99	11.11 (8.81–16.26)^b	<0.001
Imaging	16.48 ± 14.61	15.03 (4.98–23.06)	25.65 ± 19.87	22.35 (13.26–33.55)^a	23.93 ± 17.13	22.06 (11.15–31.75)^b	<0.001
Therapeutics	14.41 ± 36.90	6.63 (2.32–11.38)	27.12 ± 48.69	10.92 (5.79–20.07)^a	31.15 ± 49.19	13.84 (8.48–24.89)^bc	<0.001
Lab analysis	32.85 ± 22.34	31.55 (19.01–46.50)	44.62 ± 26.04	39.72 (28.33–56.05)^a	44.44 ± 25.33	38.76 (25.68–58.61)^b	<0.001
Sanitary materials	5.25 ± 5.69	3.78 (1.84–6.81)	11.48 ± 62.34	5.31 (3.35–7.77)^a	14.31 ± 32.36	6.54 (4.31–9.76)^bc	<0.001
Diagnostics	1.55 ± 1.08	1.42 (0.75–2.06)	2.24 ± 1.06	2.06 (1.53–2.68)^a	2.27 ± 1.01	2.07 (1.53–2.87)^b	<0.001
Nursing care	1.09 ± 1.77	0.76 (0.47–1.32)	1.65 ± 1.45	1.15 (0.86–1.91)^a	1.82 ± 1.55	1.23 (0.85–2.10)^b	<0.001

A Dunn’s nonparametric comparison for post hoc testing after a Kruskal-Wallis test were performed and indicated significant differences between groups of no complications and chronic complications, no complications and acute + chronic complications, and chronic complications and acute + chronic complications, as illustrated a, b, c respectively in Table 4

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