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Table 7 Association between Medicare managed care and inpatient mortality for stroke

From: Managed care and inpatient mortality in adults: effect of primary payer

Characteristic

Patient characteristicsa

Patient + hospital characteristicsb

Patient characteristic + hospital fixed effects

Patient + hospital characteristics + county fixed effects

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Managed care

0.931

0.885

0.98

0.978

0.929

1.029

0.969

0.914

1.028

0.979

0.927

1.034

Age 18–64 years

1.126

1.019

1.244

1.144

1.035

1.264

1.134

1.023

1.257

1.144

1.033

1.267

Age 65–74 years

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

Age 75–84 years

1.182

1.114

1.254

1.167

1.1

1.239

1.180

1.111

1.255

1.171

1.102

1.243

Age 85+ years

1.614

1.518

1.717

1.574

1.48

1.675

1.589

1.490

1.693

1.561

1.466

1.663

Male

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

Female

1.119

1.07

1.169

1.122

1.074

1.173

1.119

1.069

1.171

1.113

1.064

1.165

APRMORT_45002

4.166

3.283

5.286

4.184

3.297

5.31

4.207

3.313

5.341

4.219

3.324

5.356

APRMORT_45003

14.724

11.615

18.665

15.111

11.919

19.157

15.899

12.532

20.172

15.686

12.368

19.895

APRMORT_45004

98.22

77.642

124.25

103.991

82.182

131.59

117.459

92.720

148.798

112.299

88.691

142.192

APRMORT_44001

17.46

13.369

22.805

18.18

13.915

23.751

18.735

14.315

24.520

18.412

14.078

24.081

APRMORT_44002

25.718

20.201

32.743

26.697

20.964

33.998

26.618

20.881

33.932

26.749

20.992

34.085

APRMORT_44003

39.076

30.638

49.837

41.516

32.54

52.969

43.630

34.150

55.743

43.058

33.722

54.979

APRMORT_44004

378.362

298.54

479.52

409.913

323.26

519.8

485.194

381.913

616.405

453.1

356.958

575.137

APRMORT_21XXX

50.851

39.994

64.654

55.519

43.633

70.641

58.799

46.128

74.952

57.445

45.108

73.155

APRMORT_OTHER

22.104

17.3

28.241

23.958

18.742

30.626

25.232

19.713

32.297

24.529

19.177

31.374

Lowest income

0.854

0.802

0.91

0.803

0.753

0.857

0.883

0.816

0.957

0.94

0.868

1.019

Low income

0.883

0.833

0.937

0.815

0.766

0.867

0.922

0.857

0.993

0.953

0.884

1.026

Moderate income

0.944

0.891

1.000

0.916

0.864

0.971

1.000

0.935

1.069

1.025

0.959

1.094

High income

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

0-99 beds

   

1.251

1.134

1.38

   

1.348

1.212

1.499

100-299 beds

   

REF

REF

REF

   

REF

REF

REF

300-499 beds

   

0.961

0.907

1.019

   

1.022

0.957

1.091

500+ beds

   

1.054

0.982

1.131

   

1.026

0.948

1.11

Nonteaching

   

REF

REF

REF

   

REF

REF

REF

Teaching

   

0.862

0.814

0.912

   

0.86

0.804

0.92

Governmental

   

1.242

1.149

1.343

   

1.143

1.048

1.248

Not-for-profit

   

REF

REF

REF

   

REF

REF

REF

For-profit

   

0.799

0.725

0.88

   

0.776

0.693

0.868

Large metropolitan

   

REF

REF

REF

      

Medium and small metropolitan

   

1.115

1.06

1.172

      

Nonmetropolitan

   

1.504

1.366

1.656

      
  1. Abbreviation: REF, reference group
  2. Notes: aPatient characteristics were age, sex, All Patient Refined-Diagnosis Related Group (APR-DRG), and community income. bHospital characteristics were bed size, ownership, teaching status, and urban/rural location
  3. Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, 2009, from the following 11 states: Arizona, California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Nevada, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania
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BMC Health Services Research

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