Table 1 Patient, pharmacy and community level characteristics on MCA-eligible pharmacy claim-dates
Characteristics | MCA claims n = 65,605 | Non-MCA claims n = 2,787,387 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Patient-level characteristics defined at the first claim-date | |||
Age (years), n (%) | |||
66–70 | 16,717 (25.5) | 674,825 (24.2) | * |
71–75 | 16,444 (25.1) | 617,611 (22.2) | |
76–80 | 14,754 (22.5) | 572,702 (20.6) | |
81–85 | 10,741 (16.4) | 474,862 (17.0) | |
86+ | 6,949 (10.6) | 447,387 (16.0) | |
Female, n (%) | 36,471 (55.6) | 1,632,655 (58.6) | * |
Recent immigrant (<15 years), n (%) | 2,086 (3.2) | 65,645 (2.4) | * |
Hypertension, n (%) | 55,035 (83.9) | 2,286,761 (82.0) | * |
Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 12,111 (18.5) | 534,862 (19.2) | * |
Heart failure, n (%) | 7,281 (11.1) | 445,334 (16.0) | * |
Diabetes, n (%) | 17,252 (26.3) | 1,054,580 (37.8) | * |
COPD/asthma, n (%) | 20,650 (31.5) | 980,904 (35.2) | * |
Osteoporosis, n (%) | 12,875 (19.6) | 545,372 (19.6) | 0.709 |
Cancer, n (%) | 11,876 (18.1) | 500,281 (17.9) | 0.311 |
Depression, n (%) | 1,857 (2.8) | 110,137 (4.0) | * |
Dementia, n (%) | 2,388 (3.6) | 216,747 (7.8) | * |
Prior MCA, n (%) | 37,820 (57.6) | 944,962 (33.9) | * |
Adherent to ACEi/ARB/statin, n (%) | |||
No | 4,388 (6.7) | 164,301 (5.9) | *a |
Yes | 45,390 (69.2) | 1,907,223 (68.4) | |
NA (not receiving) | 15,827 (24.1) | 715,863 (25.7) | |
Number of ADGs in past 2 years, mean (SD) | 8.1 (3.7) | 8.4 (3.9) | * |
Number of ED admissions in the last year, mean (SD) | 0.6 (1.4) | 0.829 (1.8) | * |
Number of hospitalizations in the last year, mean (SD) | 0.5 (0.9) | 0.542 (1.1) | * |
Number of physicians in the last year, mean (SD) | 7.9 (6.7) | 8.6 (7.8) | * |
Patient-level characteristics defined at each claim-date | |||
New hospitalization/ED admission in past 60 days, n (%) | 9,921 (15.1) | 457,454 (16.4) | * |
Use of high risk medication in past 6 months, n (%) | 52,928 (80.7) | 2,314,441 (83.0) | * |
Use of PIMs in past 6 months, n (%) | 27,532 (42.0) | 1,406,024 (50.4) | * |
New prescription medication at claim-date, n (%) | 16,026 (24.4) | 396,030 (14.2) | * |
Number of physicians in past 3 months, mean (SD) | 5.2 (5.0) | 5.3 (5.4) | * |
Number of unique medications in past 4 months, mean (SD) | 6.7 (3.5) | 7.8 (4.3) | * |
Number of unique medications in past 4 months (quintiles), n (%) | |||
0–4 | 19,232 (29.3) | 668635 (24.0) | * |
5–6 | 17,672 (26.9) | 553817 (19.9) | |
7–8 | 12,529 (19.1) | 507791 (18.2) | |
9–11 | 10,111 (15.4) | 544720 (19.5) | |
12–42 | 6,061 (9.2) | 512424 (18.4) | |
Pharmacy-level characteristic | |||
Pharmacy volume (quintiles), n (%) | |||
1 (lowest) | 4,940 (7.8) | 137,937 (5.1) | * |
2 | 9,147 (14.5) | 283,112 (10.5) | |
3 | 13,661 (21.6) | 461,396 (17.2) | |
4 | 16,757 (26.5) | 675,308 (25.1) | |
5 (highest) | 18,726 (29.6) | 1,129,756 (42.0) | |
Community-level characteristics | |||
Rurality index of Ontario, n (%) | |||
0–9 (major urban) | 47,470 (72.8) | 1,744,607 (63.2) | * |
10–44 (non-major urban) | 14,210 (21.8) | 803,936 (29.1) | |
45+ (rural) | 3,559 (5.5) | 211,667 (7.7) | |
Income quintiles, n (%) | |||
1 (lowest) | 11,582 (17.7) | 569,300 (20.5) | * |
2 | 13,593 (20.8) | 583,981 (21.0) | |
3 | 12,999 (19.9) | 546,306 (19.7) | |
4 | 13,397 (20.5) | 542,397 (19.5) | |
5 (highest) | 13,825 (21.1) | 533,984 (19.2) | |
Material deprivation quintiles, n (%) | |||
1 (lowest) | 16,114 (24.8) | 602,791 (22.0) | * |
2 | 15,327 (23.6) | 610,747 (22.3) | |
3 | 13,919 (21.4) | 591,068 (21.5) | |
4 | 11,192 (17.2) | 515,031 (18.8) | |
5 (highest) | 8,365 (12.9) | 424,022 (15.5) | |