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Table 1 List of attributes used in our analysis based on the data collected (continued in Table 2)

From: Provider attributes correlation analysis to their referral frequency and awards

Category

Attribute

Description

Source

Quality Indicators

Referral Frequency

Normalized number of referrals.

CMS

Castle Connolly Award

Whether or not the provider is recognized by Castle Connolly as a distinguished provider.

Vitals.com

General Information

Gender

Male or female, as specified in the CMS data.

CMS

Accepting New Patients

Whether or not the provider is accepting new patients.

Vitals.com and Healthgrades.com

Specialties

A set of attributes, one for each specialty, e.g., cardiologist.

CMS

Census Division

One of the nine regional divisions as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau, based on the provider’s location [36].

CMS

Number of Organization Members

Number of organization members, e.g., 1 for a private practice with 1 provider.

CMS

Languages

A set of attributes that represent languages spoken by the provider.

Healthgrades.com

Number of Spoken Languages

The number of spoken languages spoken by the provider.

Healthgrades.com

Accepts Medicare Insurance

Whether or not the provider accepts Medicare assignments.

CMS

PQRS

Whether or not the provider participates in the Physician Quality Reporting System (PQRS)[13].

CMS

EHR

Whether or not the provider uses an Electronic Health Record (EHR) system.

CMS

eRx

Whether or not the provider uses electronic prescriptions.

CMS