Table 1 Distribution of demographic and socio-economic variables in samples

Child age (months)

0–5 (%)

10.5

15.1

11.3

6–11

12.3

27.8

19.3

12–23

21.0

27.9

26.7

24–35

19.4

15.3

15.8

36–47

18.8

7.5

13.6

48–59

18.0

6.4

13.3

X ² p value*

<0.001

<0.001

Child sex

Male (%)

50.6

52.5

52.7

Female

49.4

47.5

47.3

X ² p value*

0.260

0.245

Preceding birth interval

<24 months (%)

12.1

11.7

11.7

24–47 months

33.5

32.1

36.4

≥48 months

21.9

21.3

24.1

Only child

32.5

34.9

27.8

X ² p value*

0.527

0.039

Mother’s age group

14–19 (%)

8.0

12.8

9.0

20–24

33.1

34.4

30.8

25–29

32.0

29.0

33.2

30–34

16.6

16.0

17.6

35–39

8.1

6.1

7.3

40–49

2.2

1.7

2.1

X ² p value*

<0.001

0.670

Mothers’ household status

Female head (%)

81.9

81.2

81.8

X ² p value*

0.626

0.947

Number of children <5 in household

1 (%)

39.5

43.0

39.7

2

44.2

41.4

43.7

3 or 4

16.3

15.6

16.6

X ² p value*

0.167

0.967

Region

Urban (%)

36.5

39.5

41.3

Rural

63.5

60.5

58.7

X ² p value*

0.139

0.048

Month of interview

March (%)

22.5

33.2

42.0

April

51.9

44.8

44.1

May/June

25.6

22.0

13.9

X ² p value*

<0.001

<0.001

Socio-cultural capital

Mean

0.016

−0.004

−0.044

SE

0.013

0.026

0.030

T test p value**

0.502

0.150

Economic capital

Mean

0.047

0.029

0.019

SE

0.014

0.026

0.028

T test p value**

0.220

0.052