Table 1 Tests and techniques for HIV and related diagnoses performed at different levels
Facility level | Test | Technique |
|---|---|---|
Dispensary | Haemoglobin estimation | Haemoglobinometer, HaemoCue |
Sputum for AFB | ZN stain | |
HIV screening | Rapid screening kits | |
Health Centre* | Total white cell count | Manual, using Turks Fluid |
Differential white cell count | Manual, using thin film | |
District Hospital** | Haemoglobin estimation | Hematology analyser |
Total and differential white blood cell, platelet and reticulocyte count | ||
Blood indices | ||
CD4 and CD8 count | ||
Serum Albumin, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT and Alkaline phosphatise | Flow cytometer | |
Creatinine, Uric Acid, Cholesterol and Blood glucose | Chemistry analyser | |
Serum electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+) | ||
Total protein | ||
Cryptococcus (CSF & Serum) | Negative stain, Latex antigen | |
Bleeding time | Ivy | |
Regional Hospital*** | HIV testing | ELISA |
Examination of CSF for yeast | Negative staining-India ink | |
Reticulocytes and Eosinophil count | Vital staining | |
G6PD screening test | Visual colorimetric | |
Drug sensitivity testing | Disc diffusion | |
Sputum for TB | ZN Stain | |
AFB Microscopy | Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Microscopy | |
Diabetes Mellitus Screening | Oral Glucose testing | |
Glycosylated haemoglobin | Spectrophotometric | |
Zonal**** | Hb types | Electrophoresis |
Serum proteins and C-reactive protein | Electrophoresis | |
HIV testing | RNA & DNA PCR, Western blot | |
TB culture | LJ, MIGT | |
Blood culture | Bactec | |
Lipid profile | Colorimeter, Spectrophotometer | |
Lupus erythromatosus | LE cell bead extraction & staining |