Table 3 Relative cost increase estimates & confidence intervals for factors associated with VA medical, fee basis and pharmacy costs, base and interaction models^a (N = 92,749)

Health Literacy

Inadequate

1.26** (1.23-1.29)

1.72** (1.45-2.03)

1.32** (1.28-1.36)

1.58** (1.32-1.91)

1.50** (1.45-1.54)

2.32** (1.92-2.8)

1.30** (1.27-1.33)

2.06** (1.76-2.4)

Marginal

1.10** (1.08-1.12)

1.17* (1.04-1.31)

1.14** (1.12-1.17)

1.43** (1.26-1.62)

1.17** (1.15-1.20)

1.83** (1.61-2.07)

1.12** (1.10-1.14)

1.42** (1.28-1.57)

Adequate

Gender

Male

0.83** (0.81-0.86)

0.83** (0.81-0.85)

0.83** (0.81-0.85)

0.83** (0.80-0.85)

0.80** (0.78-0.82)

0.81** (0.78-0.83)

0.83** (0.82-0.85)

0.84** (0.82-0.86)

Female

Marital Status

Divorced

1.15** (1.14-1.17)

1.16** (1.14-1.18)

1.13** (1.11-1.15)

1.12** (1.10-1.14)

1.18** (1.16-1.19)

1.17** (1.14-1.19)

1.15** (1.14-1.17)

1.15** (1.13-1.16)

Other

1.13** (1.11-1.15)

1.11** (1.09-1.14)

1.13** (1.11-1.15)

1.10** (1.08-1.12)

1.12** (1.10-1.15)

1.13** (1.11-1.16)

1.12** (1.10-1.14)

1.11** (1.09-1.13)

Married

Priority Code

Catastrophically disabled

2.11** (2.07-2.14)

2.11** (2.07-2.15)

1.92** (1.89-1.96)

1.90** (1.86-1.94)

1.99** (1.95-2.03)

2.00** (1.96-2.04)

1.88** (1.85-1.91)

1.88** (1.85-1.92)

Medicaid assistance/low income

1.58** (1.56-1.61)

1.59** (1.56-1.61)

1.57** (1.54-1.59)

1.57** (1.54-1.60)

1.60** (1.57-1.63)

1.61** (1.58-1.64)

1.55** (1.53-1.58)

1.56** (1.53-1.58)

Moderate disability

1.25** (1.23-1.27)

1.24** (1.21-1.26)

1.26** (1.24-1.28)

1.25** (1.22-1.27)

1.30** (1.28-1.33)

1.29** (1.26-1.31)

1.26** (1.24-1.28)

1.25** (1.23-1.27)

No service-connected disability

Race

Minority

0.98* (0.96-1.00)

0.97* (0.95-0.99)

1.01 (0.99-1.03)

1.00 (0.98-1.03)

1.04* (1.02-1.06)

1.03* (1.01-1.06)

1.01 (1.00-1.03)

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

Non-minority

Ethnicity

Hispanic or Latino

1.08* (1.04-1.13)

1.09** (1.04-1.14)

1.03 (0.98-1.08)

1.01 (0.96-1.06)

1.03 (0.99-1.08)

1.02 (0.97-1.08)

1.04* (1.00-1.08)

1.03(0.98-1.07)

Not Hispanic or Latino

Age

<55

1.64** (1.59-1.69)

1.68** (1.62-1.73)

1.67** (1.62-1.72)

1.70** (1.64-1.76)

1.56** (1.52-1.61)

1.71** (1.65-1.77)

1.64** (1.60-1.68)

1.71** (1.66-1.76)

55-64

1.62 ** (1.58-1.67)

1.66** (1.61-1.71)

1.65** (1.6-1.69)

1.68** (1.62-1.74)

1.54** (1.50-1.59)

1.69** (1.64-1.75)

1.61** (1.58-1.65)

1.70** (1.65-1.74)

65-74

1.41** (1.37-1.44)

1.43** (1.39-1.47)

1.42** (1.38-1.46)

1.44** (1.39-1.49)

1.26** (1.22-1.29)

1.38** (1.33-1.42)

1.37** (1.34-1.41)

1.44** (1.40-1.48)

75-84

1.11** (1.08-1.14)

1.13** (1.09-1.16)

1.15** (1.12-1.19)

1.18** (1.14-1.22)

1.03* (1.00-1.06)

1.09** (1.06-1.13)

1.10** (1.08-1.13)

1.14** (1.11-1.17)

≥85

DCG

2.13** (2.11-2.15)

2.22** (2.20-2.25)

2.01** (1.99-2.03)

2.10** (2.07-2.12)

2.01** (1.99-2.03)

2.09** (2.06-2.11)

2.35** (2.33-2.37)

2.47** (2.45-2.50)

Disease Status

Cerebral

1.23** (1.19-1.28)

1.25** (1.2-1.3)

1.26** (1.21-1.31)

1.27** (1.21-1.33)

1.27** (1.22-1.32)

1.27** (1.21-1.33)

1.14** (1.12-1.17)

1.14** (1.11-1.17)

Heart

1.22** (1.20-1.23)

1.22** (1.20-1.24)

1.29** (1.27-1.31)

1.30** (1.28-1.32)

1.18** (1.16-1.20)

1.19** (1.17-1.21)

1.17** (1.15-1.18)

1.19** (1.17-1.20)

Vascular

1.16** (1.13-1.19)

1.19** (1.16-1.22)

1.24** (1.21-1.27)

1.26** (1.22-1.29)

1.18** (1.15-1.21)

1.19** (1.15-1.22)

1.12** (1.10-1.14)

1.13** (1.11-1.16)

Cancer

1.27** (1.24-1.29)

1.26** (1.24-1.29)

1.32** (1.29-1.34)

1.34** (1.31-1.37)

1.36** (1.34-1.39)

1.36** (1.33-1.39)

1.21** (1.19-1.23)

1.21** (1.19-1.23)

Diabetes

1.25** (1.23-1.26)

1.26** (1.24-1.28)

1.26** (1.24-1.28)

1.28** (1.26-1.30)

1.25** (1.23-1.26)

1.25** (1.23-1.27)

1.21** (1.19-1.22)

1.21** (1.20-1.23)

Arrhythmias

1.14** (1.12-1.17)

1.13** (1.11-1.16)

1.21** (1.19-1.24)

1.23** (1.19-1.26)

1.29** (1.26-1.32)

1.30** (1.27-1.33)

1.14** (1.12-1.15)

1.13** (1.11-1.15)