Variable | Before matching | After matching | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atypical cohort N = 648 | Typical cohort N = 483 | p-value | Standardized difference | Atypical cohort N = 400 | Typical cohort N = 400 | p-value | Standardized difference | |
Demographic characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mean age (in years) [Mean(SD)] | 51.3 (13.0) | 52.6 (11.9) | 0.081 | −0.106 | 52.1 (11.8) | 51.7 (11.7) | 0.144 | 0.035 |
Female [n(%)] | 357 (55.1%) | 267 (55.3%) | 0.950 | −0.004 | 226 (56.5%) | 224 (56.0%) | 0.715 | 0.010 |
Retired [n(%)] | 338 (52.2%) | 282 (58.4%) | 0.037 | −0.125 | 222 (55.5%) | 228 (57.0%) | 0.109 | −0.030 |
Concomitant medications [n(%)] | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Anxiolytics | 74 (11.4%) | 57 (11.8%) | 0.843 | −0.012 | 18 (4.5%) | 22 (5.5%) | 0.541 | −0.046 |
Anticholinergics | 28 (4.3%) | 15 (3.1%) | 0.290 | 0.064 | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.3%) | 1.000 | <0.001 |
Antidepressants | 24 (3.7%) | 22 (4.6%) | 0.473 | −0.043 | 1 (0.3%) | 4 (1.0%) | 0.375 | −0.095 |
Sedative-hypnotics | 9 (1.4%) | 17 (3.5%) | 0.018 | −0.138 | 1 (0.3%) | 3 (0.8%) | 0.625 | −0.071 |
Mood stabilizers | 7 (1.1%) | 6 (1.2%) | 0.787 | −0.015 | 2 (0.5%) | 1 (0.3%) | 1.000 | 0.041 |
Mental comorbidities [n(%)] | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Sleep disorder | 38 (5.9%) | 29 (6.0%) | 0.921 | −0.006 | 14 (3.5%) | 10 (2.5%) | 0.481 | 0.059 |
Depression | 15 (2.3%) | 16 (3.3%) | 0.309 | −0.060 | 1 (0.3%) | 4 (1.0%) | 0.375 | −0.095 |
Anxiety disorder | 8 (1.2%) | 9 (1.9%) | 0.462 | −0.051 | 3 (0.8%) | 2 (0.5%) | 1.000 | 0.032 |
Other psychotic disorder# | 6 (0.9%) | 3 (0.6%) | 0.740 | 0.035 | 1 (0.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 | 0.071 |
Resource utilization and cost (prior 3Â months) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Mean number of hospitalizations | 0.02 (0.15) | 0.05 (0.25) | 0.028 | −0.128 | 0.01 (0.07) | 0.01 (0.07) | 1.000 | <0.001 |
Mean number of outpatient visits | 0.17 (0.58) | 0.22 (0.83) | 0.332 | −0.069 | 0.08 (0.34) | 0.05 (0.36) | 0.298 | 0.071 |
Direct medical cost ($) [Mean(SD)] | 20 (124) | 42 (200) | 0.027 | −0.129 | 4 (45) | 3 (46) | 0.287 | 0.021 |