Table 1 Brief characteristics of the study countries
Cambodia | Myanmar | Nepal | PNG | Thailand | Vietnam | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General information | ||||||
Total area (sq km) | 181,035 | 678,500 | 136,801 | 459,854 | 514,000 | 329,560 |
Population (m.) (2009) | 15 | 50 | 29 | 7 | 68 | 87 |
No. of provinces/Zones | 24 | 14 | 14 | 20 | 76 | 63 |
No. of districts/Townships | 77 | 330 | 75 | 89 | 878 | 697 |
Adult literacy rate (%) (2008) | 78 | 92 | 58 | 60 | 94 | 93 |
Income level | Low | Low | Low | Lower middle | Upper middle | Lower middle |
GNI per capita (US$) (2009) | 650 | - | 440 | 1,180 | 3,760 | 1,010 |
HIV epidemic | ||||||
Estimated number of PLHIV as of 2010 | 56,200 | 226,000 | 70,000 | 54,000 | 517,000 | 254,000 |
HIV prevalence** | ||||||
Adults (aged 15–49) | 0.6 (2011) | 0.53 (2011) | 0.3 (2011) | 0.8 (2011) | 1.3 | 0.4 |
People who inject drugs (PWID) | 24.4 (2007) | 21.9 (2011) | 6.3 (2011) | Not available | 38.7 (2009) | 18.4 (2009) |
Female sex workers (FSW) | 13.9 (2010) | 9.4 (2011) | 1.7 (2011) | 17.8 (2010) | 2.8 (2009) | 3.2 (2009) |
Men who have sex with men (MSM) | 2.1 (2010) | 7.8 (2011) | 3.8 (2009) | Not available | 13.5 (2009) | 16.7 (2009) |
HIV program coverage** | ||||||
ART coverage (%) | 89.5 (2011) | 43.8 (2011) | 23.7 (2011) | 61.2 (2011) | 64.6 (2011) | 54.0 (2011) |
HIV-positive women who received ARV to reduce the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission (%) | 63.5 (2011) | 54.5 (2010) | 12.2 (2011) | 12.3 (2011) | 94.0 (2011) | 44.0 (2011) |
TB cases who received ART and TB treatment (%) | 32.7 (2011) | Not available | Not available | 25.1 (2011) | 29.8 (2011) | 30.1 (2011) |
Key populations reached by HIV prevention program** | ||||||
Female sex workers (%) | 81.5 (2010) | 76.2 (2008) | 60.0 (2011) | 36.4 (2010) | 56.9 (2010) | 47.3 (2009) |
Men who have sex with men(%) | 69.5 (2010) | 69.1 (2009) | 77.3 (2009) | 66.6 (2010) | 49.2 (2010) | 24.0 (2009) |
People who inject drugs (PWID) (Number syringe distributed per injecting drug user per year) | 120.2 (2011) | 123 (2011) | 71.4 (2011) | Not available | 9.8 (2010) | 140 (2011) |
HIV testing coverage among key populations** | ||||||
Female sex workers | 81.5 (2010) | 71.1 (2008) | 54.6 (2011) | 46.4 (2010) | 50.4 (2010) | 43.8 (2011) |
Men who have sex with men | 34.0 (2010) | 47.6 (2009) | 42.0 (2009) | 55.8 (2010) | 29.2 (2010) | 30.2 (2011) |
People who inject drugs | 35.3 (2007) | 27.3 (2008) | 21.4 (2011) | Not available | 40.8 (2010) | 29.1 (2011) |