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Table 3 Safety climate in the hospitals by job-type, unadjusted † (PPR)

From: Survey on patient safety climate in public hospitals in China

 

Type of worker

  

Scales

Physicians

Nurses

Managers

Others

All

χ 2

Senior leadership

6.11

4.07

3.27

7.91

5.57

228.09*

Resources for safety

8.91

8.80

0.96

10.17

8.91

76.81***

Facility characteristics

6.72

6.55

2.92

8.97

7.05

31.32***

Workgroup leadership

7.23

5.04

1.02

6.99

6.04

43.84***

Workgroup norms

4.50

2.86

4.47

5.91

4.13

148.49***

Workgroup recognition

7.51

5.17

2.22

8.18

6.51

73.81***

Fear of shame

45.91

40.05

36.12

37.39

41.16

94.73***

Learning

11.07

10.97

16.64

17.91

12.77

156.62***

Fear of blame

76.35

81.05

67.99

78.12

78.53

58.40***

Psychological safety

7.00

6.48

11.37

10.92

7.81

130.43***

Problem responsiveness

4.44

2.18

2.22

6.29

3.84

196.09***

Outcomes

40.26

38.66

42.50

26.36

36.44

173.41***

Overall

14.58

13.17

11.75

15.20

14.04

198.40***

  1. †Calculated for all personnel and by job types for each scale and for safety climate overall, weighted for job type within each hospital.
  2. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.
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BMC Health Services Research

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