Table 4 Excess mortality-fixed effects regression results, 1997–2002
From: Incorporating health care quality into health antitrust law
Variable | Hospital Market | CABG Market |
|---|---|---|
| Â | Estimate (st. error) | Estimate (st. error) |
HHI | 31.53** (15.51) | 5.00*** (1.77) |
HMO penetration | -3.00 (2.04) | -0.981 (2.27) |
Non-profit | -5.20* (2.65) | 0.418 (0.851) |
District | -5.60* (2.95) | 2.48 (1.53) |
System | -0.185 (0.309) | -0.0167 (0.303) |
Teaching | 3.66*** (1.15) | 0.244 (0.258) |
Staffed beds | -0.000849 (0.00161) | -0.000609 (0.00154) |
CABG Volume | -0.000399 (0.00091) | -0.0000602 (0.000900) |
Income per capita | 0.0133 (0.0251) | -0.0292 (0.0262) |
% Medicare | -0.0137 (0.0116) | -0.0232** (0.00943) |
% Medi-Cal | 0.00470 (0.0204) | 0.0299*** (0.0111) |
Non-profit*HHI | -69.86*** (21.01) | -4.33*** (1.04) |
District*HHI | -35.13** (17.34) | -8.18*** (2.90) |
% Medicare*HHI | 0.139 (0.138) | 0.0125 (0.0249) |
% Medi-Cal*HHI | -0.568** (0.283) | -0.0786* (0.0438) |
1997 | 0.287 (0.311) | -0.202 (0.280) |
1998 | 0.125 (0.347) | -0.322 (0.249) |
1999 | -0.00694 (0.231) | -0.351 (0.253) |
2000 | 0.0846 (0.189 | 0.030 (0.235) |
2001 | -0.466 (0.462) | -0.521 (0.414) |
Constant | 3.80 (2.70) | 3.10** (1.42) |
R-squared F | 0.127 2.96*** | 0.127 3.19*** |