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Table 3 Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between respiratory symptoms or health care use and having a parent who smokes.

From: Do parents who smoke underutilize health care services for their children? A cross sectional study within the longitudinal PIAMA study

 

at least one parent smokes

the mother smokes

the father smokes

 

AOR (95% CI) *

AOR (95% CI) †

AOR (95% CI) †

any respiratory symptoms

1.17 (0.99–1.39)

1.46 (1.16–1.84)

0.90 (0.73–1.11)

mild respiratory symptoms

1.27 (1,06–1.52)

1.50 (1.19–1.91)

0.97 (0.78–1.21)

severe respiratory symptoms

0.90 (0.71–1.14)

1.03 (0.75–1.40)

0.86 (0.64–1.15)

GP any reason

0.95 (0.79–1.14)

0.91 (0.71–1.16)

0.97 (0.78–1.22)

GP respiratory

0.92 (0.72–1.18)

0.71 (0.51–0.99)

1.20 (0.90–1.60)

GP non-respiratory

0.98 (0.79–1.23)

1.15 (0.86–1.55)

0.82 (0.62–1.08)

Specialized care

0.91 (0.67–1.22)

1.09 (0.75–1.59)

0.87 (0.61–1.25)

  1. * doctor diagnosed asthma ever, gender of the child, weight at birth, siblings, being breast-fed, and age, ethnicity, education and allergic constitution of the parents. health care use also adjusted for respiratory symptoms
  2. † additional adjustment for smoking by the other parent