Centralized by health district
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Decentralized (on-site at individual clinics)
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Presentations (primarily didactic and unidirectional) by external experts
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Educational outreach (facilitative, case-based) by trained peer facilitators
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Large groups (50-100 participants); little discussion or interaction between participants and trainer
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Small groups (10-15 participants); discussion and interaction among participants and between participants and trainer encouraged
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Disease specific care
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Symptom-based and integrated care
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Written, narrative guidelines with figures, tables and algorithms, text-heavy
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PALM PLUS clinical tool consisting of algorithm- and symptom-based guidelines in a single spiral-bound book, with graphical interface
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Financial training allowances given to individual participants
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No financial training allowances given to individual participants
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Individual staff trained one at a time
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All staff at a health facility learn at the same time
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Conducted over 1–14 consecutive days
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Conducted over 8–12 training sessions over a three-to-four month period
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