The patient safety culture as perceived by staff at two different emergency departments before and after introducing a flow-oriented working model with team triage and lean principles: a repeated cross-sectional study

Burström, Lena; Letterstål, Anna; Engström, Marie-Louise; Berglund, Anders; Enlund, Mats

doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-296

Table 4 Changes in the dimensions within each hospital by occupation

From: The patient safety culture as perceived by staff at two different emergency departments before and after introducing a flow-oriented working model with team triage and lean principles: a repeated cross-sectional study

Dimension	County hospital				University hospital
Dimension	Base-line	Follow-up	Change	P-value	Base-line	Follow-up	Change	P-value
Target group	*N 129*	*N 149*			*N 55*	*N 54*
Physicians’ responses	n 86	n 96			n 25	n 37
	%	%	а		%	%	а
1. Non-punitive response to error	33.3	36.0		NS	49.7	43.2		NS
2. Staffing	28.3	28.1		NS	62.9	48.6	-	*
3. Frequency of event reporting	19.9	22.8		NS	23.0	15.0		NS
4. Hospital management support for patient safety	15.8	20.2		NS	42.0	41.8		NS
5. Team-work across hospital units	29.9	32.5		NS	29.8	42.8	+	*
6. Hospital hand-off and transition	29.8	33.3		NS	44.9	42.6		NS
7. Information and support to patients at adverse events	43.7	46.2		NS	40.2	33.3		NS
8. Information and support to staff at adverse events	32.4	29.3		NS	32.5	32.2		NS
9. Overall perception of safety	25.1	32.5	+	*	54.2	49.3		NS
11. Organizational learning-continuous improvement	28.0	37.3	+	*	55.3	61.1		NS
12. Team work within hospital	50.3	65.3	+	***	79.6	77.6		NS
13. Communication openness	55.3	56.8		NS	76.4	66.4		NS
14. Feedback and communication about error	34.8	42.4		NS	54.0	46.8		NS
15. Patient safety grade	73.3	66.3		NS	91.7	88.9		NS
Target group	*N 108*	*N 114*			*N 125*	*N 125*
Registered nurses’ + assistant nurses’ responses	n 86	n 85			n 93	n 112
	%	%			%	%
1. Non-punitive response to error	30.3	27.4		NS	47.9	42.9		NS
2. Staffing	25.2	20.8		NS	49.2	44.9		NS
3. Frequency of event reporting	24.0	24.5		NS	28.6	16.4	-	**
4. Hospital management support for patient safety	11.6	11.6		NS	35.3	32.1		NS
5. Team work across hospital units	32.8	22.6	-	**	36.1	43.0		NS
6. Hospital hand-off and transition	39.4	32.5		NS	47.4	48.1		NS
7. Information and support to patients at adverse events	45.8	34.2	-	**	48.3	32.6	-	***
8. Information and support to staff at adverse events	42.6	30.1	-	*	26.7	31.5		NS
9. Overall perception of safety	23.4	21.3		NS	42.0	39.0		NS
10. Safety culture dimension unit level	40.5	52.3	+	**	56.5	52.7		NS
11. Organizational learning-continuous improvement	46.1	34.5	-	**	46.6	50.0		NS
12. Team- work within hospital	63.7	61.0		NS	69.6	81.0	+	***
13. Communication openness	47.1	59.1	+	**	63.0	60.2		NS
14. Feedback and communication about error	56.7	58.3		NS	47.5	45.7		NS
15. Patient safety grade	50.1	46.2		NS	90.9	79.6	-	*

а Direction of the change from baseline measurement to follow-up . *** = p < 0.001, ** = p < 0.01, * = p < 0.05, NS = not significant. An index of < 50 is considered low and should lead to action, 51 - 69 suggests potential for improvement, and ≥ 70 indicates that the unit is functioning well.

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ISSN: 1472-6963

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