Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the population stratified by diabetes care group
Managed care | Protocolized care | Usual care | P value usual care vs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Managed care | Protocolized care | ||||
(n = 215) | (n = 197) | (n = 333) | |||
Men (%) | 52.1 | 53.8 | 51.1 | 0.81 | 0.54 |
Age (years) | 64.6 (7.4) | 65.5 (7.5) | 64.4 (7.0) | 0.66 | 0.07 |
Diabetes duration (years) | 6 (2-11) | 5 (3-10) | 6 (3-10) | 0.85 | 0.74 |
Married/living together (%) | 81.1 | 78.2 | 80.4 | 0.84 | 0.54 |
Educational level (%) | <0.01 | 0.04 | |||
- low | 52.8 | 48.2 | 59.5 | ||
- medium | 39.6 | 28.4 | 21.9 | ||
- high | 7.6 | 23.4 | 18.6 | ||
Paid job (%) | 17.9 | 26.4 | 18.6 | 0.84 | 0.04 |
Retired (%) | 47.2 | 45.7 | 44.4 | 0.53 | 0.78 |
Disabled (%) | 9.4 | 3.6 | 6.0 | 0.14 | 0.22 |
Smoking status (%) | 0.48 | 0.25 | |||
- current | 16.8 | 12.3 | 16.2 | ||
- former | 55.1 | 55.2 | 52.0 | ||
- never | 28.1 | 32.5 | 31.8 | ||
Treatment (%) | 0.05 | <0.01 | |||
- diet only | 11.8 | 24.0 | 20.1 | ||
- oral medication | 67.3 | 64.1 | 56.8 | ||
- insulin | 8.1 | 1.6 | 10.0 | ||
- insulin and oral medication | 12.8 | 10.4 | 13.1 | ||
Treated in secondary care (specialist in internal medicine) | 1.0 | 5.6 | 13.3 | <0.01 | 0.01 |