| |
Managed care
|
Protocolized care
|
Usual care
|
P value usual care vs
|
|---|
|
Managed care
|
Protocolized care
|
|---|
|
(n = 215)
|
(n = 197)
|
(n = 333)
|
|---|
|
Men (%)
|
52.1
|
53.8
|
51.1
|
0.81
|
0.54
|
|
Age (years)
|
64.6 (7.4)
|
65.5 (7.5)
|
64.4 (7.0)
|
0.66
|
0.07
|
|
Diabetes duration (years)
|
6 (2-11)
|
5 (3-10)
|
6 (3-10)
|
0.85
|
0.74
|
|
Married/living together (%)
|
81.1
|
78.2
|
80.4
|
0.84
|
0.54
|
|
Educational level (%)
| | | |
<0.01
|
0.04
|
|
- low
|
52.8
|
48.2
|
59.5
| | |
|
- medium
|
39.6
|
28.4
|
21.9
| | |
|
- high
|
7.6
|
23.4
|
18.6
| | |
|
Paid job (%)
|
17.9
|
26.4
|
18.6
|
0.84
|
0.04
|
|
Retired (%)
|
47.2
|
45.7
|
44.4
|
0.53
|
0.78
|
|
Disabled (%)
|
9.4
|
3.6
|
6.0
|
0.14
|
0.22
|
|
Smoking status (%)
| | | |
0.48
|
0.25
|
|
- current
|
16.8
|
12.3
|
16.2
| | |
|
- former
|
55.1
|
55.2
|
52.0
| | |
|
- never
|
28.1
|
32.5
|
31.8
| | |
|
Treatment (%)
| | | |
0.05
|
<0.01
|
|
- diet only
|
11.8
|
24.0
|
20.1
| | |
|
- oral medication
|
67.3
|
64.1
|
56.8
| | |
|
- insulin
|
8.1
|
1.6
|
10.0
| | |
|
- insulin and oral medication
|
12.8
|
10.4
|
13.1
| | |
|
Treated in secondary care (specialist in internal medicine)
|
1.0
|
5.6
|
13.3
|
<0.01
|
0.01
|
- Values are presented as mean (SD), median (interquartile range) or proportions.
