Table 3 Factors influencing ANC/PNC use and post-partum modern FP use among women who had a childbirth within the last five years, Zambia, 2007

Median duration from childbirth to modern contraceptive adoption (months)

8

Timing of first ANC visits

None

2.56

1st trimester

19.57

2^nd trimester

70.03

3^rd trimester

7.85

Had more than 4 ANC visits

No

40.09

Yes

59.91

Use of PNC services

No

48.84

Yes

51.16

ANC and PNC service intensity score

−.02 (−1.22; 1.13)

−

1.09 (1.01; 1.16)*

Urban

33.65

.25 (.15; .36)***

.92 (.78; 1.08)

Region

Central

9.97

−

1.00

Copperbelt

15.23

.21 (.09; .33)**

1.17 (.95; 1.46)

Eastern

15.21

.35 (.23; .46)***

.79 (.63; .98)*

Luapula

7.81

.06 (−.07; .19)

.67 (.51; .87)**

Lusaka

12.74

.35 (.22; .48)

1.07 (.87; 1.33)

Northern

14.90

−.08 (−.19; .04)

1.30 (1.06; 1.61)*

Northwestern

5.65

.03 (−.12; .18)

1.23 (.99; 1.54)

Southern

11.01

.03 (−.09; .15)

1.11 (.90; 1.36)

Western

7.48

.33 (.19; 47)***

1.06 (.85; 1.32)

Age group

15 – 19

8.70

−

1.00

20 – 24

24.24

.04 (−.08; .15)

1.03 (.83; 1.28)

25 – 29

26.56

−.02 (−.13; .10)

.93 (.74; 1.16)

30 – 34

19.15

.01 (−.12; .13)

.88 (.69; 1.13)

35 – 39

11.86

.11 (−.03; .24)

.75 (.58; .99)*

40 – 44

9.49

.02 (−.12; .16)

.54 (.40; 73)***

Highest education level

No education

13.12

−

1.00

Primary school

60.19

.29 (.20; .37)***

1.33 (1.10; 1.60)**

Secondary school or higher

26.69

.41 (.31; .52)***

1.55 (1.25; 1.91)***

Wealth quintile

Poorest

21.73

−

1.00

Poor

20.88

.05 (−.03; .14)

.97 (.81; 1.16)

Middle

19.64

.16 (.07; .25)***

1.06 (.89; 1.26)

Rich

21.13

.31 (.18; .43)***

1.28 (1.03; 1.58)*

Richest

16.62

.31 (.15; .46)***

1.52 (1.17; 1.96)**

Religion

Catholic

19.32

−

1.00

Protestant/Other Christians

78.76

.01 (−.06; .08)

1.02 (.88; 1.13)

Muslim/Others

1.92

−.64 (−.85; -.42)***

.84 (.55; 1.28)

Marital status

Not married

20.35

−

1.00

Married, monogamous

67.79

−.02 (−.09; .06)

2.66 (2.29; 3.08)***

Married, polygamous

11.86

−.10 (−.21; .01)

2.32 (1.88; 2.86)***

Work in the last 12 months

No

43.13

−

1.00

Yes

56.87

.01 (−.05; .07)

1.15 (1.04; 1.28)**

Age at first birth

18.60 (15; 36)

.01 (−.01; .01)

−

Use of modern contraceptives prior to last childbirth

No

47.47

−

1.00

Yes

52.53

.02 (−.04; .09)

1.26 (1.13; 1.41)**

Desire for more children

−

No

33.64

1.00

Yes

66.36

.96 (.85; 1.09)

Knowledge of modern contraceptives (range: 1–11)

6.77 (3; 11)

−

1.04 (1.01; 1.07)**

Visited and talked about FP by a field worker in the last 12 months

−

No

92.19

1.00

Yes

7.81

1.18 (1.00; 1.39)

Visited and talked about FP at a health facility in the last 12 months

No

67.56

1.00

Yes

32.44

1.29 (1.16; 1.44)***

Heard FP messages on the radio in the last few months

−

No

61.88

1.00

Yes

38.12

1.11 (.99; 1.24)

Saw FP messages on TV in the last few months

−

No

83.54

1.00

Yes

16.46

.92 (.78; 1.09)

Read FP messages in newspapers in the last few months

−

No

91.81

1.00

Yes

8.19

1.03 (.85; 1.24)

N

3,587