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Table 4 Association between sociodemographic characteristics of children and risk of paediatric nursing-sensitive outcomes

From: Evaluation of paediatric nursing-sensitive outcomes in an Australian population using linked administrative hospital data

 

LRTI

Pneumonia

GI infect

Sepsis

Arrest/shock/resp failure

CNS complication

CVL infect

No. of events

395

337

342

136

94

92

58

No. in risk pool

42732

102877

24415

41807

106369

87926

74041

 

Rate ratio (95% CI)

Rate ratio (95% CI)

Rate ratio (95% CI)

Rate ratio (95% CI)

Rate ratio (95% CI)

Rate ratio (95% CI)

Rate ratio (95% CI)

Age

       

 1-28 days (neonate)

1.52

0.46

0.67

0.26

1.11

___a

1.02

(0.84, 2.75)

(0.21, 1.00)

(0.29, 1.58)

(0.08, 0.90)

(0.37, 3.36)

 

(0.35, 3.00)

 29-365 days (infant)

7.74

3.51

6.56

1.95

2.36

0.29

0.57

(5.11, 11.75)

(2.34, 5.25)

(4.17, 10.32)

(1.07, 3.57)

(1.03, 5.37)

(0.09, 0.93)

(0.20, 1.64)

 > 1–3 years (toddler)

7.40

4.19

9.89

3.62

5.48

0.31

1.95

(4.79, 11.45)

(2.78, 6.30)

(6.24, 15.69)

(1.97, 6.64)

(2.57, 11.66)

(0.15, 0.65)

(0.85, 4.46)

 > 3–6 years (preschooler)

5.19

2.38

3.95

2.73

2.63

0.29

0.26

(3.17, 8.48)

(1.47, 3.87)

(2.23, 6.98)

(1.34, 5.59)

(1.04, 6.65)

(0.12, 0.75)

(0.03, 1.97)

 > 6-13 years (school-age)

2.75

2.18

2.58

2.20

1.92

0.77

2.01

(1.76, 4.29)

(1.47, 3.24)

(1.57, 4.23)

(1.23, 3.94)

(0.87, 4.21)

(0.48, 1.24)

(0.99, 4.04)

 > 13- ≤ 18 years (adolescent)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Sex

       

 Male

1.11

1.18

1.35

1.08

1.51

1.11

1.22

(0.90, 1.36)

(0.94, 1.47)

(1.08, 1.70)

(0.76, 1.54)

(0.97, 2.34)

(0.73, 1.69)

(0.72, 2.05)

 Female

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Socioeconomic status (IRSD)

       

 Least disadvantaged

1.20

1.01

0.86

0.99

1.33

1.16

0.99

(0.98, 1.47)

(0.81, 1.27)

(0.69, 1.08)

(0.70, 1.41)

(0.87, 2.02)

(0.75, 1.78)

(0.59, 1.68)

 Most disadvantaged

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Residence (ARIA+)

       

 Major city

0.72

0.88

0.96

1.34

0.70

0.78

0.74

(0.56, 1.00)

(0.68, 1.13)

(0.75, 1.24)

(0.93, 1.94)

(0.41, 1.20)

(0.48, 1.28)

(0.59, 1.68)

 Regional or remote

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Case mix

       

 Medical

3.01

0.70

3.40

0.87

2.08

3.69

0.99

(2.18, 4.15)

(0.55, 0.88)

(2.26, 5.11)

(0.58, 1.31)

(1.11, 3.88)

(1.76, 7.72)

(0.56, 1.76)

 Surgical

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Admission type

       

 Emergency

1.21

0.36

1.00

1.23

0.98

0.78

0.23

(0.91, 1.62)

(0.29, 0.46)

(0.73, 1.37)

(0.77, 1.97)

(0.56, 1.73)

(0.48, 1.28)

(0.14, 0.40)

 Elective

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Season

       

 Autumn

1.00

1.28

1.28

0.87

0.81

0.88

1.68

(0.94, 1.41)

(0.90, 1.82)

(0.90, 1.78)

(0.53, 1.45)

(0.41, 1.63)

(0.48, 1.62)

(0.81, 3.47)

 Winter

2.02

1.68

1.27

0.74

1.64

1.02

0.59

(1.51, 2.72)

(1.21, 2.34)

(0.91, 1.77)

(0.45, 1.23)

(0.91, 2.96)

(0.56, 1.84)

(0.24, 1.46)

 Spring

1.54

1.58

1.27

1.07

1.37

1.05

1.53

(1.13, 2.10)

(1.13, 2.21)

(0.90, 1.78)

(0.67, 1.73)

(0.74, 2.55)

(0.58, 1.92)

(0.72, 3.25)

 Summer

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

  1. Note. Multivariable Poisson generalised linear regression analyses, length of stay as log offset and adjusted for year of admission. LRTI = lower respiratory tract infection other than pneumonia; GI = gastrointestinal tract; CNS = central nervous system; CVL = central venous line; IRSD = index of relative socio-economic disadvantage; ARIA + =geographic measure of remoteness. Results in bold indicate statistical significance at p < .05. Pressure ulcer, infectious diseases and failure to rescue not included in table as no statistically significant risks on multivariate analysis.
  2. a Neonates not included in risk pool.
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