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Table 3 Unadjusted and Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for determinants of public health insurance status

From: Determinants for participation in a public health insurance program among residents of urban slums in Nairobi, Kenya: results from a cross-sectional survey

Variables

Public Health Insurance Status

 

Unadjusted OR (UOR)

95% CI

Adjusted OR (AOR)

95% CI

Employment sector ( Ref = Informal employment)

    

   Formal employment

29.47***

[25.00-34.75]

4.11***

[1.57-3.58]

Participates in National Social Security Fund (NSSF) (Ref = No)

446.29***

[364.51-546.42]

222.63***

[152.34-325.35]

Participates in savings and credit cooperative organizations (SACCOs) (Ref = No)

101.58***

[75.84-136.06]

14.48***

[7.48-28.03]

Participates in community-based savings groups (Ref = No)

2.74***

[2.44-3.07]

1.62**

[1.15-2.28]

Income in the last one month a (Ref = Non-poor)

    

   Poor

0.07***

[0.05-0.09]

0.34***

[0.20-0.57]

Gender (Ref = Male)

    

   Female

0.23***

[0.20-0.26]

2.37***

[1.57-3.58]

Marital status (Ref = Currently in Union)

    

   Formerly in union

0.25***

[0.18-0.34]

0.46*

[0.23-0.94]

   Never in union

0.18***

[0.15-0.21]

0.57*

[0.36-0.90]

Age of respondents (Ref = Less Than 24 Years)

    

   24-29 years

5.31***

[3.82-7.40]

0.83

[0.24-2.82]

   30-39 years

15.65***

[11.53-21.24]

0.76

[0.22-2.56]

   40-49 years

22.06**

[16.15-30.14]

1.02

[0.29-3.54]

   50+ years

16.24***

[11.90-22.16]

0.75

[0.21-2.63]

Education (Ref = Never Attended School)

    

   Primary

2.71***

[1.90-3.86]

2.07

[0.88-4.86]

   Secondary/higher

8.32***

[5.84-11.86]

2.12

[0.89-5.04]

Slum residence (Ref = Viwandani)

    

   Korogocho

0.12***

[0.10-0.14]

0.84

[0.56-1.27]

Ethnicity (Ref = Other)

    

   Kikuyu

1.92***

[1.62-2.28]

0.87

[0.55-1.38]

   Luhya

0.94

[0.77-1.15]

1.67

[0.96-2.90]

   Luo

3.62***

[3.17-4.15]

1.11

[0.77-1.62]

   Kamba

1.79***

[1.51-2.13]

1.09

[0.68-1.76]

  1. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. aCases with don't know/missing responses (n = 667) were excluded from analysis; UOR: analysis did not account for key confounding factors; AOR: adjustment for key confounders was done in the analysis
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BMC Health Services Research

ISSN: 1472-6963

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