Table 3 Differences in baseline characteristics between DMP and usual-care patients
| Variable |
usual-care patients (n = 250) |
DMP patients (n = 586) | p* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years): mean ± standard deviation (SD) |
67.4 ± 12.5
(n = 250) |
66.0 ± 10.3
(n = 586) | 0.041 |
| Gender: men | 128 (51.2%) | 312 (53.2%) | 0.588 |
| Duration of diabetes (in years) ± SD |
5.2 ± 5.5
(n = 218) |
6.8 ± 7.2
(n = 574) | 0.016 |
| Co-morbidity: depression | 28 (11.3%) | 52 (9.1%) | 0.313 |
| Smoking behaviour: non-smoking | 157 (78.9%) | 466 (84.7%) | 0.059 |
| GHb value (in %) ± SD |
6.9 ± 1.2 (n = 224) |
7.0 ± 1.1 (n = 581) | 0.153 |
| Systolic BP value (in mmHg) ± SD |
144 ± 23
(n = 208) |
139 ± 17
(n = 581) | 0.002 |
| Oral medication | 119 (50.4%) | 384 (66.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Insulin dependency | 32 (13.6%) | 90 (15.5%) | 0.471 |
| Blood glucose self-monitoring | 45 (20.1%) | 158 (28.8%) | 0.012 |
| Urinary glucose self-monitoring | 5 (2.2%) | 55 (10.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Prescription of diabetes education before DMP start | 25 (12.9%) | 206 (40.4%) | < 0.001 |
| GP-rated motivation of the patients |
low: 148 (78.3%)
medium: 23 (12.2%) high: 18 (9.5%) |
low: 199 (42.1%)
medium: 156 (33.0%) high: 118 (25.0%) | < 0.001 |