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Table 5 Incidents of informal payments reported (31 publications reviewed)1

From: Empirical studies on informal patient payments for health care services: a systematic and critical review of research methods and instruments

% respondents

Informal payments in general

Gifts or gratuities only

Cash payments or extra fee only

Reference index in Appendix 1

 

N

N

N

 

1-10%

3

1

3

2,9,11,21,24,26,27

11-20%

4

2

1

2,3,9,12,18,20,21,27

21-30%

2

3

2

1,10,15,18,20,24

31-40%

4

-

-

3,7,10,16,

41-50%

1

1

2

18,24,29,30

51-60%

2

-

-

12,24

61-70%

2

-

1

1,7,15

More than 71%

1

2

-

7,20

  1. 1One publication can be associated with more than one sub-category.