Table 1 Characteristics of study participants at baseline (N = 1065)
Characteristic | n (%) | Me (IQR) |
|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic | ||
 Age in years | N/A | 54 (47 – 61) |
 Women | 657 (61.7%) | N/A |
 Married or living with a partner | 575 (54%) | N/A |
 Less than 12 years of formal education | 775 (72.8%) | N/A |
 No health insurance | 570 (53.5%) | N/A |
 Mean age at diabetes diagnosis | N/A | 48 (40 – 55) |
 Treatment for T2DM | 887 (83.3%) | N/A |
Medications | ||
 Only oral antidiabetics drugs | 750 (70.4%) | N/A |
 Only Insulin | 42 (3.9%) | N/A |
 Insulin + oral antidiabetic drug | 95 (8.9%) | N/A |
 Calcium channel blocker (amlodipine) | 88 (8.3%) | N/A |
 Beta blocker (atenolol) | 54 (5.1%) | N/A |
 ACE inhibitor (enalapril) | 446 (41.9%) | N/A |
 ACE Inhibitor ARAII (losartan) | 109 (10.2%) | N/A |
 Diuretics (thiazides or furosemide) | 80 (7.5%) | N/A |
 Statins (atorvastatin or simvastatin) | 179 (16.8%) | N/A |
 Aspirin | 172 (16.1%) | N/A |
Lifestyle | ||
 Smoking# | 120 (11.3%) | N/A |
 Alcohol consumption# | 203 (19.1%) | N/A |
 Physical activity# | 338 (31.7%) | N/A |
 Five or more fruits or vegetables per day# | 326 (30.6%) | N/A |
Comorbidities | ||
 Hypertension# | 648 (60.8%) | N/A |
 Dyslipidemia# | 350 (32.9%) | N/A |
 Overweight /Obesity (BMI ≥ 25) | 939 (88.2%) | N/A |
Cardiovascular risk* | ||
 Low | 369 (34.6%) | N/A |
 Moderate | 200 (18.8%) | N/A |
 High | 162 (15.2%) | N/A |
 Very high | 334 (31%) | N/A |
Acute complications | ||
 At least one episode of severe Hypoglycemia # | 89 (8.4%) | N/A |
Macrovascular chronic complications# | ||
 Stroke | 38 (3.6%) | N/A |
 Angioplasty, bypass or stent | 19 (1.8%) | N/A |
 Peripheral arteriopathy | 40 (3.8%) | N/A |
 Myocardial infarction | 32 (3%) | N/A |
Microvascular chronic complications# | ||
 Retinopathy, photocoagulation or blindness | 111 (10.4%) | N/A |
 Chronic kidney disease | 24 (2.2%) | N/A |
 Peripheral neuropathy or amputation | 33 (3.1%) | N/A |
Clinical and metabolic profile | ||
 SBP (mmHg) | 1055 (99.1%) | 130 (120–146.5) |
 DBP (mmHg) | 1055 (99.1%) | 80 (70–90) |
 HbA1c (%) | 216 (20.3%) | 8 (6.9–9.9) |
 Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 509 (47.8%) | 168.59 (128–235) |
 Hemoglucotest | 180 (16.9%) | 184.5 (136- 180) |
 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 387 (36.3%) | 194 (160–227.7) |
 LDL (mg/dL) | 186 (17.5%) | 108.50 (79–135) |
 HDL (mg/dL) | 184 (17.3%) | 42.50 (35.5–53.5) |
 Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 332 (31.2%) | 158 (115–231) |
 Microalbuminuria (mg/dL) | 33 (3.1%) | 11.3 (4.3–100) |
 Creatinine (mg/dL) | 102 (9.6%) | 1 (1–1) |