Table 1 Preliminary key words and index terms for search and inclusion criteria

Partnership Alliance

Inter-organization

Coalition Collaborat*

Integrat*

Cooperat*

Associate*

Family doctor

Family physician

General practitioner

Qualitative study

Case study

Phenomenology

Ethnography

Grounded theory

Action research

Inclusion criteria

 - Study describing collaborative work for inter-organizational partnerships to further integrated care involving FPs/GPs and working in primary care settings

 - Study on integrated care with involvement of independent FPs/GPs regardless of their associated payment model and organizational structure

 - Qualitative study design (phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, action research, and case study)

 - Mixed-methods research in which the qualitative study meets the criteria

 - Systematic reviews that meet the criteria

 - Grey literature:

  ◦ Reports, opinion papers, theses on health team collaborations involving FPs

  ◦ Frameworks, structures, and/or processes for FPs to engage in inter-organizational teams

 - Study/document published since 2000 to 2021

 - Study/documents published in all languages

Exclusion criteria

 - Study/documents describing collaborative work within organizations or intra-organizational teams (i.e., multi-disciplinary within a health team)

 - Study with no involvement of FPs/GPs

 - Study with nurse-practitioner-led clinics

 - Quantitative study design

 - Study/document published prior to 2000