Table 4 EFA 4-factor solution and correlation among factors of the HILM-CH after CFA

Scale 1: confidence in choosing health plans – How confident are you that you...

1

…understand the concepts and terms about health insurance plans?

2.80

0.72

.

0.70

.

.

0.47

2

…know where to find the information you need to choose a health insurance plan?

2.88

0.75

.

0.41

.

.

0.73

3

…can estimate what you will have to pay for your care in the coming year (without emergencies)?

2.90

0.73

.

0.88

.

.

0.33

4

…know where to go for financial help if you cannot pay your health insurance plan?

3.04

0.72

.

0.77

.

.

0.42

5

…know which questions to ask in order to choose the health insurance plan that is right for you?

2.57

0.96

.

0.39

.

.

0.72

6

…are choosing a health insurance plan that suits you?

3.00

0.71

.

0.83

.

.

0.42

Scale 2: comparing health plans – When comparing health insurance plans, how likely it is that you…

7

… can find out if you have to pay for certain care yourself?

2.93

0.75

0.75

.

.

.

0.38

8

…find out which doctors and hospitals are covered by an insurance policy?

2.65

0.83

0.79

.

.

.

0.38

9

…can find out how much you have to pay for medicines on prescription?

2.77

0.81

0.80

.

.

.

0.37

10

…can find out how much you have to pay for a visit to the emergency room?

2.80

0.81

0.74

.

.

.

0.43

11

…can find out how much you have to pay yourself for a visit to a medical specialist?

2.95

0.77

0.68

.

.

.

0.43

12

…can find out if an insurance policy covers unexpected costs, such as a hospitalization?

2.80

0.77

0.56

.

.

.

0.45

13

…can find out what the differences are between insurance plans?

2.84

0.77

0.78

.

.

.

0.38

Scale 3: confidence in using health plans – How confident are you that you…

14

…can find out how much of the costs your health insurance company will reimburse?

2.44

0.89

.

.

.

0.56

0.51

15

…can find out how much you have to pay out of your own pocket?

2.80

0.78

.

.

.

0.82

0.28

16

…know which questions to ask your health insurance company if you have a problem with a reimbursement?

2.82

0.77

.

.

.

0.84

0.27

17

…know what to do if your health insurance company refuses to pay for care that you think you should be reimbursed?

2.93

0.80

.

.

.

0.55

0.46

Scale 4: proactive use of insurance – When using your health insurance plan, how likely is it that you…

18

…will find out what is and is not covered by your health insurance plan before you receive a certain care?

2.94

0.79

.

.

0.63

.

0.40

19

…will contact customer service to ask what care is covered by your health insurance plan?

3.17

0.78

.

.

0.75

.

0.59

20

…can find out whether a doctor has a contract with your health insurance company before you visit a doctor?

2.83

0.92

.

.

0.55

.

0.59

21

…look at the overviews of your health insurance plan to see what you still have to pay and what the health insurance company has reimbursed?

3.09

0.81

.

.

0.55

.

0.59

Correlation among factors after CFA

Factor 1

Comparing plans

1.00

Factor 2

Confidence choosing

0.69*

1.00

Factor 3

Being proactive

0.75*

0.72*

1.00

Factor 4

Confidence using

0.60*

0.53*

0.65*

1.00