First author | Year | Location | Target population | Program summary | Targeted cancer screening outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Viadro | 1997 | Five counties in eastern North Carolina | Women, age 50 + , African American | The program included assisting local health departments and community health centers in enhancing existing breast cancer screening services; reducing practical barriers to screening (e.g., high cost); and increasing awareness of breast cancer and screening among African American women | Breast: Mammography |
Sharp | 1998 | North Carolina | Women, age 18 + , members of Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and Lumbee Tribe | A lay health educator provided two in-home visits with an educational video, brochure, discussions, and tailored health information about cervical cancer detection and screening | Cervical: Pap smear |
Cunningham | 2000 | Six counties in western North Carolina | Women, age 20 + , low income | The educational program at county health departments included media messages, direct education, telephone counseling, staff education, and small workshops | Skin: Clinical skin exam, skin self-exam Cervical: Pap smear Breast: Clinical breast exam, mammography, breast self-exam |
Bencivenga | 2008 | One county in western Pennsylvania | Women, age 40 + , visiting a food pantry, eligible for breast cancer screening | Staff hung educational posters, developed a radio campaign, and stuffed promotional flyers in food bags for food pantry patrons. Women at the pantries were assessed for breast cancer screening eligibility, and staff provided navigation to schedule and identify financial support for mammography | Breast: Mammography |
Teal | 2012 | Two counties in eastern North Carolina | Women, age 40 + , African American | The program relied on lay health advisors to conduct one-on-one and small group discussions with patients to schedule and identify financial support for mammography | Breast: Mammography |
Norman | 2013 | Sixteen counties in eastern Colorado | Adults, age 40 +  | "Boot camp" process to translate evidence-based prevention guidelines into lay messages and campaigns (one exemplar topic was colon cancer prevention). The boot camp process for colon cancer prevention involved 1 full-day retreat, 4 half-day retreats, and 8 half-hour phone calls. The lay campaign included newspaper stories about community members, a farm auction flyer, pocket-sized cards with locally-tailored photographs, community education sessions, and a travel mug with a colon cancer prevention message | Colorectal: Colonoscopy and other screening |
Lee-Lin | 2014 | Two communities in Oregon | Women, age 40 + , eligible for breast cancer screening | The multicomponent, community-specific intervention included appointment setting, financial assistance, one-on-one client education, reminder letters from a clinician, breast health education DVD, and breast cancer screening continuing medical education to clinicians | Breast: Mammography |
Breslau | 2015 | Underserved counties in six states (Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Missouri, South Carolina, and Tennessee) | Women, low income, eligible for breast or cervical cancer screening | State and community organizations worked with a federal network to choose, adapt, and implement evidence-based interventions to increase breast and cervical cancer screening. Specific interventions differed across sites | Breast: Mammography Cervical: Pap smear |
Cardarelli | 2017 | Two communities in eastern Kentucky | Adults, age 55–77, eligible for lung cancer screening | The tailored community awareness campaign about lung cancer screening disseminated flyers, postcards, and radio and newspaper ads. In addition, the campaign included a website and provided education to clinicians | Lung: Low-dose CT |
Gesthalter | 2017 | Three Veterans Administration clinics in three states | Not specified | Three VA clinics were classified as early adopters of lung cancer screening with low-dose CT. Specific interventions differed across sites | Lung: Low-dose CT |
Katz | 2017 | Twelve counties in Appalachian Ohio | Adults, age 51–75 | The media campaign disseminated information about colon cancer screening through billboards, posters, and newspaper articles | Colorectal: Any screening |
Schlauderaff | 2017 | One rural health clinic in western Washington | Adult patients, age 50–75 | The program included clinic-focused efforts: Additional staff education, standardizing protocols for clinicians to discuss and order screening, implementing a flag for screening in the electronic health record system, and improved systems for interprofessional communication. In addition, the program included patient-focused efforts: Mass mailing of stool tests, financial assistance, and outreach | Colorectal: Any screening |
Woodall | 2018 | One city government workplace in Kentucky | Adult employees, age 18 +  | The program nurse delivered educational sessions about colorectal cancer screening to city employees. The nurse also distributed free stool tests and communicated test results to participants, providing referral to primary care clinicians if needed | Colorectal: Stool testing |
Tolma | 2019 | One tribal community in Oklahoma | Women, age 52–74, American Indian, eligible for breast cancer screening, with a scheduled clinic visit in the next month | The program targeted systems change in the clinic and community. Clinic interventions included training to clinicians to support patient-doctor communication on mammography, including a tailored mammography brochure, sending follow-up recommendation letters, developing a screening flowchart, and hanging an educational bulletin board poster at the clinic. Community interventions included discussion groups for eligible women and a younger female relative, as well as a small gift after mammography | Breast: Mammography |
Elliott | 2021 | Thirty-four primary care clinics in four states | Patients, age 11–75, eligible for cancer screening or prevention services, with a clinic visit during the study period | Primary care clinics instituted a web-based clinical decision support tool or shared decision making tools, integrated into the electronic health record, to prompt clinicians to prioritize delivery of primary and secondary cancer prevention services to eligible patients | Composite measure of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening (any modality) |