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Table 1 Characteristics of admissions with normal and prolonged length of stay

From: Prevalence and predictors of prolonged length of stay among patients admitted under general internal medicine in a tertiary government hospital in Manila, Philippines: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Variable

PLOS

(n = 74)

NLOS

(n = 312)

P-value

Age, in years, mean (SD)

52.74 (14.14)

51.69 (14.85)

0.58a

Female, n (%)

27 (57.55%)

130 (41.67%)

0.42b

Employment status (N = 362)c

0.43b

 Unemployed, n (%)

51 (71.83%)

195 (67.01%)

Smoking status (N = 382)c

0.87d

 Never, n (%)

39 (52.70%)

153 (52.70%)

 Previous, n (%)

16 (21.62%)

76 (24.68%)

 Current, n (%)

19 (25.68%)

79 (25.65%)

Level of alcohol consumption (N = 388)c

0.09d

 Never, n (%)

48 (71.64%)

246 (86.01%)

 Occasional, n (%)

13 (19.40%)

26 (9.09%)

 Heavy, n (%)

6 (8.96%)

14 (4.90%)

Functional status (N = 359)c

0.02d

 Independent, n (%)

48 (71.64%)

252 (86.30%)

 Partially Dependent, n (%)

13 (19.40%)

26 (8.90%)

 Totally Dependent, n (%)

6 (8.96%)

14 (4.79%)

Number of comorbidities, median (IQR)

1 (2)

1 (2)

0.66e

Comorbidities

 Hypertension, n (%)

27 (36.49%)

122 (39.10%)

0.68b

 Diabetes, n (%)

4 (5.41%)

15 (4.72%)

0.76d

 Ischemic heart disease, n (%)

3 (4.05%)

10 (3.21%)

0.72d

 Heart failure, n (%)

4 (5.41%)

23 (7.37%)

0.55b

 Bronchial asthma, n (%)

4 (5.41%)

14 (4.49%)

0.75d

 Thyroid disease, n (%)

4 (5.41%)

3 (0.96%)

0.03d

 Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

12 (16.22%)

39 (12.50%)

0.40b

 Malignancy/cancer, n (%)

11 (14.86%)

39 (12.50%)

0.59b

Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR)

3 (3)

3 (3)

0.71e

Emergency admission, n (%)

64 (86.49%)

283 (90.71%)

0.28b

Need for intravenous antibiotics, n (%)

61 (82.43%)

159 (50.96%)

 < 0.001b

Duration of antibiotics, in days, median (IQR)

12.5 (17)

1 (6)

 < 0.001e

Duration of ER stay, in hours

36.13 (47)

37.75 (45.88)

0.73e

Duration of ICU stay, in hours, median (IQR)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.03e

Need for invasive ventilation, n (%)

16 (21.62%)

39 (12.50%)

0.04b

Duration of invasive ventilation, in days, median (IQR)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.01e

Need for non-invasive ventilation, n (%)

26 (35.14%)

55 (17.63%)

0.001b

Duration of non-invasive ventilation, in days, median (IQR)

0 (3)

0 (0)

0.0001e

Performance of procedure, n (%)

19 (25.68%)

81 (25.96%)

0.96b

 Thoracentesis

7 (9.46%)

4 (1.28%)

0.001d

 Central venous catheter insertion

8 (10.81%)

14 (4.49%)

0.048d

Performance of surgery, n (%)

24 (32.43%)

21 (6.73%)

 < 0.001b

Underwent non-cardiac surgery, n (%)

23 (95.83%)

16 (76.19%)

0.08d

Surgical risk of non-cardiac surgeries, n (%)

0.03d

 Low risk

1 (4.35%)

5 (31.25%)

 Intermediate risk

22 (95.65%)

11 (68.75%)

Need for blood transfusion, n (%)

41 (55.41%)

99 (31.13%)

 < 0.001b

In-hospital complications, n (%)

30 (40.54%)

56 (17.95%)

 < 0.001b

 Healthcare associated infections

21 (28.38%)

25 (8.01%)

 < 0.001b

 Respiratory complications

11 (14.86%)

13 (4.17%)

0.001b

 Adverse drug events/adverse drug reactions

5 (6.76%)

5 (1.60%)

0.03d

Development of healthcare associated infections, n (%)

20 (27.03%)

25 (8.01%)

 < 0.001b

 Central line-associated bloodstream infection/catheter-related bloodstream infection

1 (1.35%)

0

0.19d

 Hospital-acquired pneumonia

18 (24.32%)

24 (7.69%)

 < 0.001d

 Ventilator-associated pneumonia

5 (6.76%)

1 (0.32%)

0.001d

Number of comanaging services, n (%)

5 (3)

2 (3)

 < 0.001e

Length of stay, in days, median (IQR)

 Overall

19 (19.5)

6 (6)

 < 0.001e

 Emergency admissions only

20.5 (8)

6 (5)

 < 0.001e

 Elective admissions only

3.5 (3)

2 (0)

 < 0.001e

Length of stay, in days, mean difference (95% CI)

 

 Emergency admissions only

18 (95% CI 16.19, 19.85)

-

 Elective admissions only

8 (95% CI 1.67, 14.42)

-

  1. acomputed using t-test
  2. bcomputed using chi-square test
  3. cdue to missing data in some records
  4. dcomputed using Fisher’s exact test
  5. ecomputed using Mann–Whitney U test