Table 1 Emerging themes and subthemes
From: Hospital managers’ views on the state of patient safety culture across three regions in Ghana
Themes | Sub-themes |
|---|---|
Communication about error | • Various communication approaches |
Communication openness | • Easy communication |
Handoffs and information exchange | • Good, detailed handover • Sub-standard handover |
Hospital management support for patient Safety | • Failure to create general safety in hospital • Reactive management approach to safety problems |
Organizational learning | • Planned and structured organisational learning • Unplanned and unstructured organisational learning • Lack of implementation of knowledge |
Reporting of patient safety events | • No structured approach to reporting • Selective and non-selective reporting of errors • Fear of reporting |
Response to error | • Unstandardised approaches in responding to error • The nature of an error influences the response • Blame culture still exists |
Staffing and work pace | • Contributors to staff shortage o Shortage of permanent staff & ageing workforce o Problems in staff recruitment o Poor management of leave & placement of ill staff • Consequences of staff shortage o Staff shortage compromised safety |
Manager/Supervisor support for patient safety | • Consultation with frontline personnel • Lack of support with resources |
Teamwork | • Teamwork within units • Lack of teamwork across units |