Table 2 Characteristics of the included reviews
From: The effectiveness of case management for cancer patients: an umbrella review
• Review (First author, year) • Year range of original studies • Countries/areas | • Study designs in reviews • Methods • Meta- analysis | • Type of cancer patients • Total No. & Ranges of sample size • Mean age, Age range | • CM interventions • Components • Duration of interventions • Control group | • Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
• 2008–2017 • Germany, Taiwan, UK, Turkey, Switzerland | • 3 RCTs, 6 controlled before-and-after study • Systematic Review adherence to Cochrane methods • No | • Breast (n = 2), colorectal (n = 1) and several types of cancer(n = 6) • 9601 & 18 to 7445 • 55.14, from 50.2–66.25 years | • Nurses led multidisciplinary case management • Palliative care, supportive services, and regular follow-ups • 4 weeks − 12 months • Usual care | • Diagnosed with cancer for at least 1 year and were in the middle of cancer therapy |
• Wulff, 2008 [23] • 1989–2006 • USA & UK | • 7 RCTs • Systematic Review (not mentioned) • No | • Breast (n = 2), lung(n = 2) and different cancer types (n = 3) • 823 &166 to 379 • 66.31, from 45 to 92 years | • CM-like intervention • Multidisciplinary collaboration, care co-ordination, and in-person meetings between patient and the case manager aimed at supporting, informing and educating the patient. • 1–12 months • Standard medical care | • 15 cancers of the prostate or breast with metastasis |
• Yin, 2020 [24] • 2000–2017 • Denmark, USA, Switzerland, UK, Turkey | • 7 RCTs • Systematic Review following PRISMA • No | • Breast(n = 2), colorectal (n = 1), and different kinds of cancer (n = 4) • 925 &18 to 280 • 56.10, from 27 to 87 years | • CM-like intervention • Coordination or multidisciplinary collaboration, in-person meeting or telephone contacting with patients, provide long term supports, education and information to the patients • 5–12 months • Routine care | • Especially advanced-stage cancer patients |
• Li, 2014 [19] • 2003–2012 • USA, Canada, Denmark, UK, Taiwan | • 13 RCTs • Systematic Review following PRISMA • No | • Breast (n = 5), ovarian (n = 2), colorectal (n = 3), gastric cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 1), lung (n = 3) and multiple types of cancer (n = 2). • 3438 & 61 to 507 • 56.83, from 18 to 93 years | • CM focusing on single-skill training or symptom management • Single-skill training or symptom management, including hypnosis, foot reflexotherapy, cognitive behavioural stress management (CBSM) and energy and sleep enhancement; and multiple dimensional HRQOL or holistic case management • 4 days-24 months • Usual care | • / |
• Aubin, 2012 [10] • 1981–2009 • UK, USA, Sweden, Taiwan, Australia, Canada | • 20 RCTs • Systematic review adherence to Cochrane methods • Yes | • Breast (n = 7), lung (n = 2), cervical/ ovarian (n = 1), prostate (n = 1), and all types of cancer(n = 7) • 4518 & 29 to 554. • 60.22, from 7 to 97 years | • Case management model of care • Mainly use strategies consisting in staff organization, arrangement for follow-up, and coordination of assessment and treatment. • 5 days-5 years • Usual care | • / |
• Chan, 2020 [11] • 2011–2019 • USA, Norway, Hong Kong, South Korea, Denmark | • 5 RCTs • Systematic Review following PRISMA • No | • Breast cancer • 606 & 45 to 210 • 50.55, from 26 to 69 | • Nurse-led case management • Requiring patient- initiated contact and interventions delivered face-to-face, by telephone and/or online by an experienced oncology nurse • 1–24 month • Usual care | • / |
• McQueen, 2017 [26] • 1983–2013 • Netherlands, Scotland, England | • 2 RCTs, 1 controlled trial • Systematic Review following PRISMA • Yes | • Breast cancer (n = 2) & different kinds of cancer(n = 1) • 327 & 22 to 72 • 48.63, from 18 to 65 years | • Vocational case management approach • A wide range of assessments and support interventions, including counselling, functional capacity evaluation, work capability assessments, job analysis, and workplace adjustment such as modified work hours, modified work tasks, modified work environment and interventions designed to improve communication with managers. • 12–24 month • Usual care | • Working age adults |
• Wu, 2021 [25] • 2003–2018 • US, Taiwan, Malaysia | • 1 RCT,1 quasi-experimental, 9 cohort • Systematic Review following PRISMA • Yes | • Breast (n = 8), gynecologic (n = 1) and a variety cancer (n = 2) • 7212 & 110 to 2252 • 51.51, from 16 to 89 | • Nurse-led case management • Assessment, education, coordination, follow-up, consultation, support, and care team collaboration • Not reported • Usual care | • / |