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Table 1 Participant demographic characteristics – National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 9 U.S. sites, 2017

From: Associations between HIV testing and multilevel stigmas among gay men and other men who have sex with men in nine urban centers across the United States

Characteristics

Total sample

(N = 3278)

Tested within the past two years

(n= 2922)

Did not test within the past two years

(n= 356)

No. (%)

No. (%)

No. (%)

Race/ethnicity

 American Indian or ANa

108 (3.3)

98 (3.4)

10 (2.8)

 Asian

77 (2.3)

65 (2.2)

12 (3.4)

 Black/African American

931 (28.4)

876 (30.0)

55 (15.4)

 Hispanic/Latinob

800 (24.4)

722 (24.7)

78 (21.9)

 Native Hawaiian or OPIc

35 (1.1)

33 (1.1)

2 (0.6)

 White

1670 (50.9)

1447 (49.5)

223 (62.6)

 Multiple races

271 (8.3)

230 (7.9)

41 (11.5)

 Missing

186 (5.7)

173 (5.9)

13 (3.7)

Sexual Identity

 Gay, same gender loving, or homosexual

2507 (76.5)

2238 (76.6)

269 (75.6)

 Bisexual

646 (19.7)

571 (19.5)

75 (21.1)

 Straight or heterosexual

57 (1.7)

49 (1.7)

8 (2.2)

 Missing

68 (2.0)

64 (2.2)

4 (1.1)

Employment

 Employed full- or part-time

2679 (81.7)

2374 (81.2)

305 (85.7)

 Unemployedd

490 (14.9)

447 (15.3)

43 (12.1)

 Did not report employment

109 (3.3)

101 (3.5)

8 (2.2)

Education

 High school/GED or below

766 (23.4)

692 (23.7)

74 (20.8)

 Some college or above

2483 (75.7)

2202 (75.4)

281 (78.9)

 Missing

29 (0.9)

28 (1.0)

1 (0.3)

NHBS Site

 Baltimore, MD

354 (10.8)

335 (11.5)

19 (5.3)

 Denver, CO

455 (13.9)

450 (15.4)

5 (1.4)

 Detroit, MI

377 (11.5)

369 (12.6)

8 (2.2)

 Houston, TX

420 (12.8)

324 (11.1)

96 (27.0)

 Long Island/Nassau-Suffolk, NY

150 (4.6)

124 (4.2)

26 (7.3)

 Los Angeles, CA

442 (13.5)

442 (15.1)

0 (0.0)

 Portland, OR

355 (10.8)

162 (5.5)

193 (54.2)

 San Diego, CA

436 (13.3)

435 (14.9)

1 (0.3)

 Virginia Beach & Norfolk, VA

289 (8.8)

281 (9.6)

8 (2.2)

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Participant Age

35.1 (12.0)

35.1 (12.1)

35.9 (11.6)

Stigma

 Stigma from family

0.36 (0.41)

0.35 (0.41)

0.39 (0.43)

 Anticipated healthcare stigma

0.10 (0.26)

0.10 (0.27)

0.14 (0.31)

 General social stigma

0.24 (0.27)

0.23 (0.27)

0.34 (0.30)

  1. aAN = Alaska Native
  2. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race
  3. OPI = Other Pacific Islander
  4. d The “unemployed” category includes unemployed, unable to work for health reasons, retired, or student response options