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Table 2 Challenges of implementation of inter-sectoral efforts to improve COVID-19 pandemic response; Categories, themes and sub-themes

From: Challenges for implementation of inter-sectoral efforts to improve outbreak response using consolidated framework for implementation research; Iran’s COVID-19 experience

Domains and Themes

Sub-themes

Intervention characteristics

 Intervention source

Establishment of COVID-19 headquarter

Developing protocols and guidelines

Producing scientific evidence

 Complexity

Leadership in managing COVID-19 pandemic

United command

Prioritizing COVID-19 pandemic

Intra-sectoral collaboration

Supervising related organizations activities

Gap between prevention and treatment

Social capital

Outer settings

 Cosmopolitanism

Networking with external organizations

Inner setting

 Culture

Manager and officials’ beliefs

Non-institutionalization of the culture of inter-sectoral collaboration

 Available resources

Available resources to implement inter-sectoral efforts

 Access to knowledge and information

Access to knowledge and information towards implementation of inter-sectoral efforts

Characteristics of individuals

 Knowledge and beliefs about the intervention

Awareness and beliefs towards inter-sectoral collaboration

Process of implementation

 Planning

Structures and programs for inter-sectoral collaboration