Table 1 Overview of the measurement instruments
Variable | Short description of the study’s variables | Instrument | Authors, year | Context | Scale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PTPHO-centred outcomes | Outcomes related to the overall accuracy of the care, like medical diagnoses, standards, guidelines, protocols, and variety of treatment options Outcomes expressed in cost, sales growth, revenue growth and profit | Small/medium enterprise performance | Hung and Chiang, 2010 [49] | Small/Medium enterprises | 5 point Likert |
Managed competition contract | Contract between health insurer and healthcare organization that specifies intended outcomes in return for financial reimbursement | – | – | PTPHO context | Dichotomised |
Business model efficiency | Measures an organisation takes to achieve efficient transactions with its customers, partners and vendors | Business model efficiency | Zott and Amit, 2007 [40] | Entrepreneurial firms | 5 point Likert |
Business model novelty | Conceptualisation and adoption of new ways of transactions between an organisation and its customers, partners and vendors | Business model novelty | Guo et al., 2017 [42] | Small/Medium enterprises | 5 point Likert |
Control variables | Variables that potentially confound the relations under study | – | Atinc and Simmering, 2021 [50] | Large, Medium and small enterprises | Dichotomised Numerical |