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Table 2 Description of those included in the primary analysis by access to personal protective equipment with unadjusted odds ratio

From: Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH)

Variable

Excluding those not working during lockdown (primary analysis)

Had access to PPE

3702 (35.2%)

Did not have access to PPE

6806 (64.8%)

Unadjusted OR (95%CI) for access to PPE

P value

Age, med(IQR)

47 (38 – 55)

43 (33 – 53)

1.25 (1.21 – 1.30)

 < 0.001

Sex

 Male

915 (24.8%)

1738 (25.6%)

Ref

-

 Female

2782 (75.3%)

5047 (74.4%)

1.05 (0.95 – 1.19)

0.33

Ethnicity

 White

2649 (73.8%)

4417 (67.2%)

Ref

-

 Asian

586 (16.3%)

1440 (21.9%)

0.68 (0.61 – 0.76)

 < 0.001

 Black

145 (4.0%)

299 (4.6%)

0.81 (0.66 – 0.99)

0.04

 Mixed

141 (3.9%)

271 (4.1%)

0.88 (0.71 – 1.08)

0.23

 Other

71 (2.0%)

147 (2.2%)

0.80 (0.60 – 1.07)

0.13

Migration status

 Born in UK

2756 (75.6%)

4761 (71.4%)

Ref

-

 Born abroad

892 (24.5%)

1909 (68.2%)

0.81 (0.74 – 0.88)

 < 0.001

Occupation

 Doctor or medical support

934 (26.2%)

1698 (25.9%)

Ref

-

 Nurse, NA or Midwife

913 (25.6%)

1503 (23.0%)

1.12 (1.00 – 1.25)

0.05

 Allied Health Professionala

1419 (39.8%)

2813 (43.0%)

0.93 (0.84 – 1.03)

0.15

 Dental

118 (3.3%)

264 (4.0%)

0.83 (0.66 – 1.04)

0.11

 Admin, estates or other

181 (5.1%)

269 (4.1%)

1.23 (1.00 – 1.51)

0.05

Work sector

 Non NHS

432 (12.3%)

661 (10.1%)

Ref

-

 NHS

3108 (87.7%)

5873 (89.9%)

0.82 (0.72 – 0.93)

0.002

Work areas

 Ambulance

119 (3.2%)

308 (4.5%)

0.70 (0.56 – 0.87)

0.001

 Emergency Department

311 (8.4%)

741 (10.9%)

0.75 (0.65 – 0.86)

 < 0.001

 Intensive Care Unit

406 (11.0%)

608 (9.0%)

1.25 (1.10 – 1.43)

0.001

 Hospital Inpatient

980 (26.5%)

1980 (29.2%)

0.88 (0.80 – 0.96)

0.004

 Psychiatric hospital

92 (2.5%)

233 (3.4%)

0.72 (0.56 – 0.92)

0.008

 Nursing or Care Home

96 (2.6%)

159 (2.3%)

1.12 (0.86 – 1.44)

0.40

Aerosol generating procedure exposure

 Less than weekly exposure

2822 (76.5%)

5114 (75.4%)

Ref

-

 At least weekly exposure

868 (23.5%)

1665 (24.6%)

0.94 (0.86 – 1.04)

0.23

Night shift pattern

 Never works nights

2520 (68.9%)

4470 (66.5%)

Ref

-

 Works nights less than weekly

685 (18.7%)

1263 (18.8%)

0.96 (0.86 – 1.06)

0.42

 Works nights weekly or always

455 (12.4%)

990 (14.7%)

0.82 (0.72 – 0.92)

0.001

 Hours worked per week, med(IQR)

37 (30 – 40)

38 (30 – 40)

0.99 (0.99 – 1.00)

 < 0.001

Number of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients attended to per week (with physical contact)

 None

2135 (58.3%)

3466 (51.5%)

Ref

-

 1 – 5

788 (21.5%)

1598 (23.7%)

0.80 (0.72 – 0.88)

 < 0.001

 6 – 20

523 (14.3%)

1122 (16.7%)

0.75 (0.67 – 0.85)

 < 0.001

  ≥ 21

219 (6.0%)

546 (8.1%)

0.65 (0.55 – 0.77)

 < 0.001

Work region

 London

421 (12.7%)

923 (15.4%)

Ref

-

 South East England

421 (12.7%)

798 (13.3%)

1.16 (0.98 – 1.38)

0.27

 South West England

337 (10.2%)

489 (8.2%)

1.48 (1.24 – 1.78)

 < 0.001

 East of England

243 (7.4%)

509 (8.5%)

1.06 (0.88 – 1.28)

0.56

 East Midlands

376 (11.4%)

646 (10.8%)

1.25 (1.05 – 1.49)

0.10

 West Midlands

285 (8.6%)

519 (8.7%)

1.19 (0.99 – 1.42)

0.02

 North East England

183 (5.5%)

257 (4.3%)

1.52 (1.22 – 1.89)

0.02

 North West England

359 (10.9%)

711 (11.9%)

1.10 (0.93 – 1.30)

0.49

 Yorkshire and the Humber

282 (8.5%)

471 (7.9%)

1.32 (1.10 – 1.59)

0.10

 Wales

112 (3.4%)

206 (3.4%)

1.20 (0.92 – 1.57)

0.37

 Scotland

229 (6.9%)

380 (6.4%)

1.27 (1.04 – 1.55)

0.02

 Northern Ireland

59 (1.8%)

75 (1.3%)

1.66 (1.16 – 2.38)

0.006

Trust in employer (to address a concern about unsafe clinical practice)

 Does not trust employer

689 (19.6%)

2382 (36.6%)

Ref

-

 Trusts employer

2820 (80.4%)

4125 (63.4%)

2.27 (2.06 – 2.50)

 < 0.001

  1. a Also includes pharmacists, healthcare scientists, ambulance workers and those in optical roles
  2. Occupational factors other than region of workplace relate to work circumstances during the weeks following the first UK national lockdown on March 23.rd 2020
  3. IQR Interquartile range, NHS National health service, OR Odds ratio, PPE Personal protective equipment, SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2