Identifying desired qualifications, tasks, and organizational characteristics of practice managers—a cross-sectional survey among group practice physicians in Germany

Table 3 Comparative group analysis – necessary qualifications and tasks for PMs

Variable	All (n = 327)	PM not present (n = 164)	PM present (n = 163)	p-value*
The PM should have previous medical education. (Yes in %)	85.0	88.4	81.4	n.s.^b
Necessary qualifications of PMs (Yes in %)
Medical assistant with special training	86.0	86.6	85.3	n.s.^b
Nurse with special training	52.9	59.1	46.0	n.s.^b
Experienced business administration specialist	37.7	31.1	44.8	n.s.^b
Experienced public administration specialist	27.1	23.2	31.3	n.s.^b
Business administration / public administration specialist	19.5	16.5	22.7	n.s.^b
Medical assistant	19.5	24.4	14.7	n.s.^b
Nurse	10.9	13.4	8.6	n.s.^b
Other	10.6	11.0	10.4	n.s.^b
Tasks for PMs (6 strongly agree—1 strongly disagree)
Task coordination	5.5	5.5	5.6	n.s.^a
Quality management	5.5	5.5	5.5	n.s.^a
Staff management (non-physicians)	5.2	5.1	5.4	n.s.^a
Billing	5.0	5.0	5.1	n.s.^a
Bookkeeping	4.2	4.2	4.2	n.s.^a
Recruiting of non-physicians	3.9	3.4	4.4	< 0.001^a
Staff management (physicians)	3.3	3.2	3.4	n.s.^a

Notes: *Adjusted for multiple testing of the number of tested variables (i.e., 16) according to Bonferroni correction; ^aMann–Whitney U-test p-value; ^bPearson \({\chi }^{2}\)-test p-value; n.s. not significant (after Bonferroni correction at the 5% level)

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